Overview of International Health Regulations (IHR-2005) презентация

MSc-HPM, MSc-FELTP

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ministry of Public Health Afghanistan National Public Health Institute ( ANPHI ) Surveillance / DEWS Directorate

health events
National Core capacities
Implementation of IHR 2005
Situation in Afghanistan
Achievements and Challenges
Conclusion

of infectious diseases and increased pace of spread
Threat of deliberate use of biological and chemical agents
Events of international concern of unknown causes or sources
Impact on health, economy, security

is legally binding on all WHO States Parties to protect global health
The international commitment for shared responsibilities and collective defence against disease spread

Rights, Obligations and procedures

entered into force on 15 June 2007

“IHR”

Legally binding for WHO and the world’s countries that have agreed to play by the same rules to secure international health.

Ensuring maximum public health security while minimizing interference with international transport and trade

AND SCOPE, PRINCIPLES AND RESPONSIBLE AUTHORITIES
PART II INFORMATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE
PART III RECOMMENDATIONS
PART IV POINTS OF ENTRY
PART V PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES
Chapter I General provisions
Chapter II Special provisions fro conveyances and conveyance operators
Chapter III Special provisions for travellers
Chapter IV Special provisions for goods, containers and container loading areas
PART VI HEALTH DOCUMENTS
PART VII CHARGES
PART VIII GENERAL PROVISION
PART IX THE ROSTER OF EXPERTS, THE EMERGENCY COMMITTEE AND THE REVIEW COMMITTEE
Chapter I The IHR Roster of Experts
Chapter II The Emergency Committee
Chapter III The Review Committee
PART X FINAL PROVISIONS

to adapted response
From control of borders to, also, containment at source
New focus on national capacity

a public health response to the international spread of disease in ways:
that are commensurate with and restricted to public health risks, and
which avoid unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade” – (Article 2)

health security in travel and transport

Strengthen national capacity

Communications
Human Resources
Laboratory

Potential Hazards
Infectious
Zoonosis
Food safety
Chemical
Radio nuclear

3 levels
National
Intermediate
Peripheral/Community

Events at Points of Entry
Ports
Air ports
Ground crossing

national centre for communications with WHO:
On a 24/7 basis (by telephone, fax, email)
NOT an individual person
Legally required functions
Potential additional tasks as determined by State:
Risk assessment, coordinated response etc.

their public health risks, through the notification, consultation, and verification processes
Inform State Parties of relevant international public health risks
Recommend adapted public health measures
Assist States Parties in their efforts to investigate outbreaks and meet the IHR national requirements for surveillance and response

views on PHEIC, temporary recommendation (Articles 48, 49)
Review Committee - reporting, review, standing recommendations, amendment and disputes (Articles 50-53)

which is determined, as provided in these Regulations:
to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease and
to potentially require a coordinated international response.
IHR require procedural steps by the DG/WHO in determining that a PHEIC exists

international concern (PHEIC)
NFP of the government should notify to WHO within 24 hours of national assessment
Continue to provide WHO with detailed public health information including: case definition, cases/deaths, conditions affecting spread, measures
Does NOT mean an actual “PHEIC” is necessarily occurring

alert (to be assessed and verification requested)
WHO mandated to seek verification (from State Party in which event arising) of events which may be emergencies of international concern
States Parties must give initial reply within 24 hours and provide of information
Offer On-site assessment, when necessary

consult on appropriate measures, and request WHO technical assistance to assess the situation
Need to continue monitoring/assessing the event to see if notification becomes necessary

that may constitute a PHEIC

human influenza (caused by a new subtype), SARS
Utilization of the decision instrument:
Cholera, plague, viral haemorrhagic fevers, yellow fever, …
Diseases of regional concern: dengue fever, meningococcal diseases…

serious?
Is the event unusual or unexpected?
Is there a significant risk of international spread?
Is there a significant risk of international travel or trade restrictions?

Answering "yes" to any two of the criteria requires a member state to notify WHO

Criteria for assessment

spread
Serious and risk for international restrictions
Unexpected and risk for international spread
Unexpected and risk for international restrictions

PH assessment & care for affected travellers, or animals

b

c

Space to interview suspect or affected persons

d

Assessment, quarantine of suspect travellers, if required.

e

Implementation of recommended measures such as disinfection

f

Entry/exit control for departing & arriving passengers

g

Access to required equipment and trained personnel

Source: WHO/HQ IHR team (modified)

Designated Ports of Entry: Core capacity
requirements for responding to potential PHEICs

the State Party will change from article 6 (notification) to article 10 (verification)
WHO will request verification
WHO will embark on investigation based on risk assessment
IHR allow WHO to use whatever available information to alert other partners
Compliant State Party will receive timely international support when needed

translation and distribution
Surveillance and response
Laboratory support
Collaboration with international community
Reporting to WHO
Asking for extension
Still a long way to go

and information sharing
Maintenance and expansion of existing partnerships
Resource mobilization
Strengthen capacity at airports, and ground crossings
Improvement of advocacy and awareness-raising efforts

of Afghanistan
Coordination is must
Capacities should be established
Proper implementation ensure saving lives and resources
Good international image
Capacity building and human resources
National and Global Health Security
Collaboration across countries

Conclusion