Vehicles : US$64.3 billion (16.5% of total exports)
Mineral fuels including oil: $62.3 billion (16%)
Machinery including computers: $30 billion (7.7%)
Gems, precious metals: $18.7 billion (4.8%)
Wood: $13.2 billion (3.4%)
Electrical machinery, equipment: $12.6 billion (3.2%)
Plastics, plastic articles: $12.1 billion (3.1%)
Aircraft, spacecraft: $10.3 billion (2.6%)
Pharmaceuticals: $8.4 billion (2.2%)
Aluminum: $8.1 billion (2.1%)
Vehicles: US$67.6 billion (16.8% of total imports)
Machinery including computers: $61.8 billion (15.3%)
Electrical machinery, equipment: $39.6 billion (9.8%)
Mineral fuels including oil: $25.3 billion (6.3%)
Plastics, plastic articles: $14.7 billion (3.7%)
Optical, technical, medical apparatus: $11.9 billion (3%)
Pharmaceuticals: $11.4 billion (2.8%)
Gems, precious metals: $10.5 billion (2.6%)
Furniture, bedding, lighting, signs, prefab buildings: $8.8 billion (2.2%)
Articles of iron or steel: $8.4 billion (2.1%)
United States: US$296.5 billion (76.2% of total Canadian exports)
China: $15.8 billion (4.1%)
United Kingdom: $12.9 billion (3.3%)
Japan: $8.1 billion (2.1%)
Mexico: $5.8 billion (1.5%)
South Korea: $3.3 billion (0.8%)
India: $3.0 billion (0.8%)
The EU is Canada's second-biggest trading partner after the United States, accounting for 9.6 % of its trade in goods with the world in 2016.
Canada accounted for almost 2 % of the EU's total external trade in goods in 2016.
Growth in employment has lagged GDP growth, and the unemployment rate remains higher than pre-crisis levels, at approximately 6.9%.
This also reflects an improvement in labour productivity
Canada has been implementing Economic Action Plans (EAP) since 2009.
During the review period, Canada's trade performance was marked by steady increases in imports and exports, both goods and services, with a significant increase in merchandise exports
in 2016.
Canada's economy relies on its natural resource and mineral wealth. The mining and energy sectors are important to the Canadian economy in terms of GDP and employment
In the trade area, Canada has focused its policies on expanding markets for its businesses
mainly through the negotiation of reciprocal free trade agreements
Canada maintains export duties on softwood lumber and unstamped
domestically-manufactured tobacco products
Canada's agriculture and agri-food sector remains a key sector of the economy, and
accounted for 6.2% of GDP in 2016
Services in general remain the backbone of the Canadian economy accounting for 70% of
GDP during the period 2014-2016
Report WTO
Similarly, as a destination for portfolio investments, Canada holds $1.3 trillion of investment assets. The top three holders at June 2015 were the United States ($850 bil), Luxembourg ($62 bil), and Japan ($58 bil).
In Sub-Saharan Africa, the partnership focuses on improving the investment climate; mobilizing private sector investment; and building up the capacity of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Canada also supports IFC’s efforts to enhance the capacity of the private sector and, in particular, small and medium enterprises, in the Mekong region, the Pacific, and Eastern Indonesia
Canada has been an important contributor to IFC’s Technical Assistance Trust Fund. The program provides funding for short-term, targeted interventions aimed at private sector development.
Canada has a managed migration system focused on:
– Two main streams of business:
• Permanent: individuals settle permanently, building our communities and labour force of the future
• Temporary: complimentary program, workers to meet acute, short-term labour market needs
Family reunification
Humanitarian protection
Tools to manage the entry of individuals into Canada:
– Permanent stream:
Yearly levels plan – projection of number expected to become Permanent Residents in following year
Selection grid – only tool to control intake of applications, affects quality of skilled worker applicants
– Temporary stream:
No numerical limits/quotas in place – admissions are labour market sensitive
International students allowed to work during and after studies
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