Ukraine Crisis презентация

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starts from 5th century BC
Several Greek colonies were established along its coast
Since then Crimea has endured series of conquests and invasions by:
Greeks
Romans
 Huns
 Kievan Rus
Byzantium
 Mongols
Crimean Khanate &
the Ottoman Empire

created

1945-54
This Republic of Crimea became a province  of  Russia 

1991
Crimea had status of Autonomous Republic within Ukraine

2014
Crimea Annexed by the Russian Federation  

in a memorandum, also signed by the US & UK
Russian President Boris Yeltsin & Ukraine's Leonid Kravchuk split the Soviet Black Sea Fleet between:
Russia &
The New Ukrainian Navy
On 14 October 1993:
the Crimean parliament established the post of President of Crimea &
Agreed the quota of Crimean Tatars (who were deported out as a punishment of supporting Nazis) representation in the Council to 14
The chairman of the Tatar Mejlis, Mustafa Abdülcemil was outraged

& attacks on Tatar community & Ukrainian officials took place
On 30 January 94, the pro-Russian Yuriy Meshkov was elected President but he faced conflicts with parliament
On 8th Sept. Crimean parliament degraded the President's powers to the head of executive only
On 17 March 95, Ukraine intervened, scrapping the Crimean Constitution and removing Meshkov for:
his actions against the state &
promoting integration with Russia

Partnership in 1997, Moscow recognized Ukraine's borders & territorial integrity
Russia also accepted Ukraine's sovereignty on Crimea & Sevastopol
 Russia was to receive
80% of the Black Sea Fleet &
Use of military facilities in Sevastopol on 20yr lease
Controversy of the ownership of a lighthouse on Cape Sarych between Ukraine & Russia still remain
There have been unsuccessful attempts to return Cape Sarych to Ukrainian territory

passports in Crimea
January 2009- Nalyvaychenko, acting head of Security Service Ukraine started criminal proceedings against pro-Russian association
24 August 2009- anti-Ukrainian demonstrations held in Crimea by ethnic Russian residents
Crisis unfolded in Feb 2014 after Ukrainian revolution & the interim appointment of  Yatsenyuk Government
Russia opposed the new Acting President of Ukraine, Oleksandr Turchynov as "self-proclaimed“ in a "coup d'etat"  

Thousands of pro-Russian & pro-Ukraine protesters clashed in Simferopol in front of parliament
 March 11: After disagreements with Ukraine, the Crimean Parliament & City Council of Sevastopol adopted a resolution:
 To show intention to declare themselves independent as united nation
Possibility of joining the Russian Federation as a federal subject - if voters approve to do so in upcoming referendum

to join Russia
However, the referendum had no international recognition & no other country had sent its official observers
March 17- Crimean parliament declared independence from Ukraine & requested to join Russian Federation
March 18- President Putin declared Crimea a part of Russia
All actions of Crimean parliament disregarded by Ukrainian constitutional court 
The United States & the European Union consider the vote illegal
 March 27- U.N. General Assembly passed non-binding resolution declaring Crimea's Moscow-backed referendum invalid

of payments adjustment & will witness heavy loss due to the Crimea Crisis
IMF bailed out $17 billion to Ukraine but govt. is looking at tight spending this year
Russian stock market is down 20% this year &  IMF forecasted GDP fall from 1.3%-0.2% in 2014
A third of Europe’s gas comes from Russia, thus the European Union can be at risk
Russia & Ukraine are suppliers of energy, palladium, nickel, titanium & grain risking supply chains of companies using these materials

to Ukraine
Automakers in Germany will be heavily affected, since their manufacturing takes place in Russia
More sanctions from US will put Russia into deep recession hitting consumers goods, technology & the financial sector
Russia depends on European imports to keep its stores filled
On the other hand uncertainty in global markets could boost demand for:
U.S. government bonds
German bonds
Japanese bonds &
U.K. bonds