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Data for your Classroom fromEd Dolan’s Econ BlogWhat Does the CPI Measure? Inflation or the Cost of Living? What’s the Difference?July 23, 2014 презентация
Содержание
- 1. Data for your Classroom fromEd Dolan’s Econ BlogWhat Does the CPI Measure? Inflation or the Cost of Living? What’s the Difference?July 23, 2014
- 2. Consumer Prices Increase at 3.13 Percent Annual
- 3. “Cost of Living” vs. “Inflation” An increase
- 4. The CPI as a Measure of Cost
- 5. Core Inflation To identify underlying trends in
- 6. The 16-Percent Trimmed Mean Inflation Rate The
- 7. Little Change in Expected Inflation In addition
- 8. The Bottom Line: Too Soon to Sound
- 9. Click here to learn more about Ed
Consumer Prices Increase at 3.13 Percent Annual Rate in June The U.S. consumer price index rose at a seasonally adjusted rate of 3.13 percent in June 2014, the fourth consecutive month
Слайд 1Data for your Classroom from Ed Dolan’s Econ Blog What Does the CPI
Measure? Inflation or the Cost of Living? What’s the Difference?
July 23, 2014
Слайд 2Consumer Prices Increase at 3.13 Percent Annual Rate in June
The U.S.
consumer price index rose at a seasonally adjusted rate of 3.13 percent in June 2014, the fourth consecutive month over 2 percent
What do these data mean? Do they show inflation or an increase in the cost of living? What is the difference? How can we tell?
What do these data mean? Do they show inflation or an increase in the cost of living? What is the difference? How can we tell?
July 23, 2014 Ed Dolan’s Econ Blog
Слайд 3“Cost of Living” vs. “Inflation”
An increase in the cost of living
means it gets harder to maintain a constant standard of living on a given income.
Inflation, in contrast, means a change in the value of the dollar as a unit of account.
Over time, inflation affects all transactions, raising incomes along with prices, so it does not necessarily signal a change in the real cost of living
Inflation, in contrast, means a change in the value of the dollar as a unit of account.
Over time, inflation affects all transactions, raising incomes along with prices, so it does not necessarily signal a change in the real cost of living
July 23, 2014 Ed Dolan’s Econ Blog
Слайд 4The CPI as a Measure of Cost of Living
The Consumer Price
Index (CPI) is a weighted average of prices of goods bought by the typical urban consumer. It is a measure of the cost of living
Usually it is reported with seasonal adjustment (SA) for predictable variations in prices, like cheaper vegetables during harvest season
However, a version without seasonal adjustment (NSA) is a better indicator of short-run changes in the cost of living
Usually it is reported with seasonal adjustment (SA) for predictable variations in prices, like cheaper vegetables during harvest season
However, a version without seasonal adjustment (NSA) is a better indicator of short-run changes in the cost of living
July 23, 2014 Ed Dolan’s Econ Blog
Слайд 5Core Inflation
To identify underlying trends in inflation, economists try to filter
out changes in the CPI that arise from short-term, microeconomic causes like weather and military conflicts
One way to do that is to exclude prices of food and energy, which are very volatile and do not always reflect longer-term macroeconomic trends
The result is the core CPI, which, as shown here, is much less variable from month to month
One way to do that is to exclude prices of food and energy, which are very volatile and do not always reflect longer-term macroeconomic trends
The result is the core CPI, which, as shown here, is much less variable from month to month
July 23, 2014 Ed Dolan’s Econ Blog
Слайд 6The 16-Percent Trimmed Mean Inflation Rate
The 16 percent trimmed mean inflation
rate is a more accurate way to identify the underlying trend of inflation
Instead of always excluding food and energy, it excludes the 8 percent of prices that increase most in a given month and the 8 percent that increase least or decrease most
The long-term trend of the trimmed-mean inflation rate is the same as that for the CPI, but it varies much less from month to month
Instead of always excluding food and energy, it excludes the 8 percent of prices that increase most in a given month and the 8 percent that increase least or decrease most
The long-term trend of the trimmed-mean inflation rate is the same as that for the CPI, but it varies much less from month to month
July 23, 2014 Ed Dolan’s Econ Blog
Слайд 7Little Change in Expected Inflation
In addition to watching current data on
inflation trends, like the core and trimmed mean versions of the CPI, policymakers also watch expected inflation rates
This set of estimates shows that expected inflation has been inching higher
This set of estimates shows that expected inflation has been inching higher
July 23, 2014 Ed Dolan’s Econ Blog
Слайд 8The Bottom Line: Too Soon to Sound the Inflation Alarm
The Federal
Reserve has set a target of 2 percent inflation, as measured by the Personal Consumption Deflator, equivalent to about 2.5 percent inflation for the CPI
The latest data on current and expected inflation show that the economy may be edging toward the Fed’s target, but is not there yet
The latest data on current and expected inflation show that the economy may be edging toward the Fed’s target, but is not there yet
All Items
Trimmed mean
July 23, 2014 Ed Dolan’s Econ Blog
Слайд 9Click here to learn more about Ed Dolan’s Econ texts
or
visit www.bvtpublishing.com
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