Thermodynamics of biological systems презентация

Thermodynamics – is a brunch of physics which studies energy, its transfer from one place to another and its transformation from one form to another THERMODYNAMICS CONCEPT

Слайд 1THERMODYNAMICS
OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS


Слайд 2


Thermodynamics – is a brunch of physics which studies energy, its

transfer
from one place to another and its transformation from one form to another

THERMODYNAMICS CONCEPT

thermal

electric

chemical


mechanical


ENERGY


Слайд 3


Isolated
system
closed
system
open
system
energy
energy
energy
matter
matter
matter
THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM
х
х
х


Слайд 4ISOLATED SYSTEM
This system doesn’t exchange energy or matter with the surroundings.


Universe is considered to be an isolated system


Слайд 5CLOSED SYSTEM
A system, that doesn’t exchange matter but exchanges
energy with

the surroundings.

Слайд 6OPENED SYSTEM

A system, that exchanges both matter and energy with surroundings.
All

living organisms are opened systems.

Слайд 7WORK & HEAT EXCHANGE
> 0
surrounding
Q


Слайд 8THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
state 1
state 2
heat Q
work А
U
U
1
2


Слайд 9THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Heat equilibrium
Heat flow direction
Impossible heat
flow direction


Слайд 10IRREVERSIBILITY OF THERMAL PROCESSES


Слайд 11ENTROPY
Heat flow
entropy
T > T
1 2


Слайд 12Prigogine state
ΔiS
ΔвS
ΔeS
Open thermodynamic system


Слайд 13BIOCALORYMETRY
Biocalorymetry – is a measurement of the energetics of biological processes

such as biochemical reactions, association of ligands to biological macromolecules, folding of proteins into their native conformations, phase transitions in biomembranes, and enzymatic reactions, among others. 

Слайд 14DIRECT BIOCALORYMETRY
Inside the Atwater-Benedict human calorimeter.


Слайд 15DIRECT BIOCALORYMETRY


Слайд 16INDIRECT BIOCALORYMETRY
CALORIMETER


Слайд 17CRYOMEDICINE
ISOTHERM 0°С
REVERSIBLE
EFFECTS
LYSIS NECROSIS
CRYOSAUNA


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