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The First Three Weeks of Human Embryogenesis презентация
Содержание
- 1. The First Three Weeks of Human Embryogenesis
- 2. Week 1 1. Fertilization – is the
- 3. Week 1 Zygote – 1 cell embryo
- 4. zygote Fertilization zygote
- 5. At the end of cleavage blastula is
- 6. Embryoblast At the 7-th day
- 7. Week 2: Beginning of 3.
- 8. Result of early Delamination Embryonic disc:
- 9. Late gastrulation – formation of mesoderm –
- 10. 1-st appear extraembryonic mesoderm: it
- 11. Trophoblast Extraembryonic Mesoderm * Ectoderm Endoderm Extraembryonic Mesoderm *
- 12. As a result appear so-called extraembryonic organs - amnion, yolk sac and chorion
- 13. Chorion Amnion Yolk Sac
- 14. Migration of cells within the
- 15. Migration of cells within embryonic disc leads
- 16. Transverse section Ectoderm Endoderm Amniotic Cavity
- 17. In front of primitive
- 18. ectoderm endoderm mesoderm Notochord appears by the
- 19. 3-2.(next step): Development of the Neural
- 20. Neural plate in Surface Ectoderm forms Neural groove
- 21. Then - Neural Tube
- 23. Development of the Neural Tube Surface Ectoderm Neural Crest Neural Tube
- 24. Neural tube formation
- 25. Neural tube formation
- 26. Gastrulation is finished with the formation
- 27. 4. Formation of the embryo
- 28. Body flexion
- 29. Differentiation of GERM LAYERS: 1.
- 30. Surface Ectoderm differentiates to epithelium of
- 31. Neural tube (neuroectoderm) --- brain, spinal cord,
- 32. Endoderm differentiates to epithelium of stomach, intestine, liver, pancreas, respiratory system
- 33. Mesoderm Notochord Endoderm Ectoderm Yolk Sac Amniotic
- 34. Mesoderm Nephrotome urogenital system including kydneys,
- 35. Late embryonic stages Histogenesis Organogenesis
- 36. Summary: Week 1-3: Early Stages: 1.
Week 1 1. Fertilization – is the fusion of the sperm and ovum (male and female gametes) = Zygote formation (in the uterine tube) : - distant phase – sperms
Слайд 2Week 1
1. Fertilization – is the fusion of the sperm and
ovum (male and female gametes) = Zygote formation
(in the uterine tube) :
- distant phase – sperms find ovum;
- contact phase – 1 sperm fertilizes ovum.
(in the uterine tube) :
- distant phase – sperms find ovum;
- contact phase – 1 sperm fertilizes ovum.
Слайд 3Week 1
Zygote – 1 cell embryo – starts to divide:
2. Cleavage
– is the division of the zygote inside zona pellucida = Blastula formation
Слайд 4zygote
Fertilization
zygote
Fertilization
Cleavage
2 cells stage
3-5 cells stage
Morula
Blastocyst
Implantation
Day 6 – 8
uterus
uterine
tube
.
.
Blastula
Слайд 5At the end of cleavage blastula is formed. Human blastula
is called blastocyst (has cavity -cyst)
Blastocyst consists of outer cells (trophoblast), inner cells (embryoblast) and cavity - Blastocoele.
Слайд 6Embryoblast
At the 7-th day
blastocyst sinks into the uterine wall
due to activity of trophoblast – implantation.
Trophoblast
Слайд 7Week 2: Beginning of 3. Gastrulation – formation of 3 germ
layers
Early Gastrulation take place by delamination, when embryoblast divides into two germ layers - ectoderm and endoderm, forming embryonic disc and two sacs – ectoblast and endoblast
Слайд 9Late gastrulation – formation of mesoderm – 3-d germ layer –
take place by cell migration:
cells which form mesoderm begin to migrate from embryonic disc.
Mesoderm may be
extraembryonic and embryonic.
Слайд 101-st appear extraembryonic mesoderm: it surrounds upper and lower sacs, and underly
trophoblast
Слайд 14
Migration of cells within the embryonic disc leads to formation of
the
embryonic mesoderm
and axial organs
(neural tube, notochord and somites)
embryonic mesoderm
and axial organs
(neural tube, notochord and somites)
Слайд 15Migration of cells within embryonic disc leads to formation of temporal
cellular assemblage between ectoderm and endoderm at the caudal end of embryonic disc.
It is a primitive streak.
It is a primitive streak.
Слайд 17 In front of primitive streak appears primitive knot. Cells of
Primitive Streak begin to move laterally.
Primitive Knot
Mesoderm
Слайд 18ectoderm
endoderm
mesoderm
Notochord appears by the primitive knot invagination. Mesoderm appears by migration
of cells from primitive streak and notochord
notochord
Слайд 193-2.(next step): Development of the Neural Tube - future nerve system - by
the invagination of ectoderm:
Слайд 26 Gastrulation is finished with the formation of axial organs –
neural tube, notochord, somites (mesoderm)
Somite
Notochord
Neural tube
Слайд 27
4. Formation of the embryo body
(20-th day) by:
- body flexion,
- head and tail folds formation.
Result: separation of embryonic organs from extra-embryonic organs
Слайд 29Differentiation of GERM LAYERS:
1. Differentiation of Ectoderm
A. Surface Ectoderm
B. Neural Tube
2. Differentiation of Endoderm
A. G.I. Tract
B. Respiratory Tree
C. Endocrine glands
3. Differentiation of Mesoderm
A. Somites (have 3 part - dermatome, myotome, sclerotome)
B. Intermediate mesoderm - nephrotome
C. Lateral mesoderm -splanchnotome
D. Mesenchyme
B. Neural Tube
2. Differentiation of Endoderm
A. G.I. Tract
B. Respiratory Tree
C. Endocrine glands
3. Differentiation of Mesoderm
A. Somites (have 3 part - dermatome, myotome, sclerotome)
B. Intermediate mesoderm - nephrotome
C. Lateral mesoderm -splanchnotome
D. Mesenchyme
Слайд 30Surface Ectoderm differentiates to
epithelium of skin, and its derivatives,
oral
cavity epithelium,
rectal epithelium,
outer corneal epithelium, tooth enamel
rectal epithelium,
outer corneal epithelium, tooth enamel
Differentiation of GERM LAYERS:
Слайд 31Neural tube (neuroectoderm) --- brain, spinal cord, and the retina Neural crests ---
Peripheral Nervous system, adrenal medulla, melanocytes of skin, APUD-system).
Слайд 32 Endoderm differentiates to epithelium of stomach, intestine, liver, pancreas, respiratory
system
Слайд 33Mesoderm
Notochord
Endoderm
Ectoderm
Yolk Sac
Amniotic Cavity
Somite
Intermediate mesoderm
(nephrotome)
Lateral plate mesoderm
(somatopleuric,
splanchnopleuric
mesoderm)
Слайд 34Mesoderm
Nephrotome
urogenital system
including kydneys, gonads,
ducts, and accessory glands
Somite
dermatome - dermis of skin
myotome - muscles,
sclerotome - skeleton
Lateral Mesoderm -
serous membranes of pleura, pericardium and peritoneum
Mesenchyme (loose part) –
connective tissue, smooth muscle tissue, blood and lymph cells, cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
Слайд 36Summary:
Week 1-3:
Early Stages:
1. Fertilization – Zygote formation
2. Cleavage – Blastocyst
formation
3. Gastrulation – Germ layers formation
Axial organs formation
4. Formation of the embryo body
Late stages:
Histogenesis, Organogenesis – next lectures
3. Gastrulation – Germ layers formation
Axial organs formation
4. Formation of the embryo body
Late stages:
Histogenesis, Organogenesis – next lectures
