Understanding verb tense презентация

flies

flew

will fly

Past

Future

Present

Present Perfect

She has played in the band for three years.

Future

Future Perfect

Perfect tenses indicate that something happened or existed before a specific point in time.

Gwen will play in a concert tomorrow.

She will have played in ten concerts by April.

Past

Gwen played last year as well.

Past Perfect

She had played violin before then.

Present

What are the verb tenses?

Present Participle

Base Form

Past

Past Participle

smile

choose

[is] smil

[is] choos

ing

smile

d

cho

se

[have] smile

d

[have] cho

sen

ing

What are the verb tenses?

What are the verb tenses?

Present progressive

am, are, is talking

Past progressive

was, were talking

Future progressive

will (shall) be talking

Present perfect progressive

has, have been talking

Past perfect progressive

had been talking

Future perfect progressive

will (shall) have been talking

Today we honor our veterans.

Polly is marching in the parade.

(Progressive form)

expresses an action or a state of being that occurred at an indefinite time in the past

Mike has been in several parades.

He has played the drum in all of them.

I was reading a novel by Sandra Cisneros.

I was reading a novel by Sandra Cisneros.

I was reading a book by Sandra Cisneros.

Helping verb

Main verb

Some commonly used helping verbs include is, are, has, had, did, does, can, could, should, and will.

Yoko has been taking flute lessons for six years.

Mr. Lee has taught music at our school since 2004.

(Progressive form)

They were swinging for a long time.

The two friends shared the large swing.

(Progressive form)

expresses an action or a state of being that ended before another past action or state of being occurred

After Maria had gone home, Kim was bored.

She asked her dad about the time that he had been a lifeguard at the beach.

expresses an action or a state of being that will occur

My family will ride the train to Chicago.

We will be arriving at five o’clock.

(Progressive form)

We are going to make our own costumes.

They are about to begin the awards ceremony.

I have a test tomorrow.

expresses an action or a state of being that will end before another future action or state of being

By the time you receive this letter, she will have returned home.

After this trip, he will have been to Chicago three times.

Identify the tense of each verb in bold. Be prepared to explain the difference in meaning between the sentences in each pair.

What are the verb tenses?

2. Jamie lived there for three years.
Jamie has been living there for three years.

3. Some of the girls were practicing karate.
Some of the girls have practiced karate.

Identify the tense of each verb in bold. Be prepared to explain the difference in meaning between the sentences in each pair.

future tense

future perfect tense

Expresses an action (beginning the yard work) that will occur in the future (later).

Expresses an action (beginning the yard work) that will be complete before some future action takes place (lunch).

past tense

present perfect progressive

The action (lived) occurred in the past and did not continue into the present.

The action (has been living) was occurring in the past and continues into the present.

2. Jamie lived there for three years.
Jamie has been living there for three years.

past progressive

present perfect tense

The action (practicing) was occurring in the past and did not continue into the present.

The action (practiced) occurred in the past and continues into the present.

3. Some of the girls were practicing karate.
Some of the girls have practiced karate.

On Your Own

What are the verb tenses?

Answers

What are the verb tenses?

1. I will not miss the bus.

2. Had they been at the party?

3. By then, Keith will have returned.

4. The team will have been practicing for an hour with no break.

5. My sister danced well.

Sara peeked over the fence and saw a cornfield.

Sara peeks over the fence and sees a cornfield.

past tense

past tense

present tense

present tense

The pitcher wished that he had practiced more before the game.

past tense

past perfect tense

The action of wishing happened after the action of practicing was complete.

Yesterday, Nina told us that her brother works
every week at the senior center.

past tense

The action of telling occurred at a specific time in the past. The action of working occurs now.

present tense

3. My cousin has broken his leg, so I helped him get around.

Change each sentence to make the verb tense consistent. Be prepared to explain your answers. Hint: One sentence is already correct (C).

Consistency of tense

The actions occur at the same time, so the verbs should both be in the same tense.

Change each sentence to make the verb tense consistent. Be prepared to explain your answers. Hint: One sentence is already correct (C).

Change each sentence to make the verb tense consistent. Be prepared to explain your answers. Hint: One sentence is already correct (C).

2. Lily lives next door now but will soon move to another town.

C

Change each sentence to make the verb tense consistent. Be prepared to explain your answers. Hint: One sentence is already correct (C).

3. My cousin had broken his leg, so I helped him get around.

dropped

ran

called

got

noticed

had

The team could have made better shots.

I might give some of my clothing to charity.

The modal might is used to express possibility.

Permission

My clothes closet may be too full.

Possibility

The mechanic said the brakes may need work.

We might finish early, but I doubt it.

likely

less likely

We must conserve energy in our homes.

My brother must have left the lights on.

Requirement

Explanation

Reggie ought to study harder for math quizzes.

The next quiz ought to be more difficult than the last one.

Obligation

Likelihood

After reviewing the entries, the panel will announce the winner.

I shall enter my painting in the contest.

Tim will look at your car tomorrow.

Tim shall look at your car tomorrow.

future time

intention

Terrell should leave soon to catch the bus.

All students should get to school on time.

Recommendation

Obligation

Possibility

Should you arrive late, please go to the office first.

If the weather had been more pleasant, they would have gone on a picnic.

Mrs. Chang would be happy to prepare food if you bring the plates and forks.

They promised us that they would bring the music.

past tense verb

Main clause

Subordinate clause

modal expresses future time

Would you like a nice, fresh salad?

an action that was repeated in the past

an invitation or offer

a polite request

Would you please bring me those books?

3. All participants must return their permission slips by Friday.

Identify the modal in each of the following sentences. Be prepared to tell what is expressed by the modal.

Modals

The modal may expresses possibility.

2. I tried, but I could not learn the program.

3. All participants must return their permission slips by Friday.

On Your Own

2. Would you please help Merrill with that large box?

3. You can probably guess what I am about to say.

5. I’m not certain, but I think Dad might be cooking stew for dinner tonight.

4. If the train had been faster, we would have arrived sooner.

1. The otter swam to the edge of the pond. (present perfect)

2. Our class will read Shakespeare’s Macbeth. (future progressive)

3. The three sisters regularly meet for lunch. (past)

4. Each student chooses a lab partner. (past perfect)

5. Wasps were entering the house through the torn screen. (present)

1. The otter has swum to the edge of the pond. (present perfect)

2. Our class will be reading Shakespeare’s Macbeth. (future progressive)

3. The three sisters regularly met for lunch. (past)

4. Each student has chosen a lab partner. (past perfect)

5. Wasps enter the house through the torn screen. (present)

2. Jack _____ repair the bicycle tomorrow. (future tense)

3. Most of the girls _____ already left. (present perfect)

4. I _____ attend the concert if only I had more time. (shows a condition)

5. Tamara opens the refrigerator and _____ inside. (consistent tense)

Supply an appropriate modal, helping verb, or main verb to complete each sentence correctly. The hints in parentheses will help you.

1. Colleen can almost reach the light bulb. (shows ability)

2. Jack will repair the bicycle tomorrow. (future tense)

3. Most of the girls have already left. (present perfect)

4. I would attend the concert if only I had more time. (shows a condition)

5. Tamara opens the refrigerator and looks inside. (consistent tense)