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Cognitive stylistics. Theory of cognitive metaphor. (Lecture 5) презентация
Содержание
- 1. Cognitive stylistics. Theory of cognitive metaphor. (Lecture 5)
- 2. Metaphor as an object of investigation
- 3. Traditional Approach embellishment trope,
- 4. G. Lakoff, M. Johnson (1980) The
- 5. (1941 - )
- 6. Theory of Cognitive Metaphor: Basic
- 7. Metaphorisation Source domain Target
- 8. “Life was like a box
- 9. BOX OF CHOCO-LATES LIFE source domain target domain
- 10. She blew her lid
- 11. HEATED FLUID IN A CON-TAINER ANGER source domain target domain
- 12. Profiling - highlighting specific features of the target-domain in the process of cognitive mapping
- 13. What is metaphor? Metaphor –
- 14. Why do we use metaphors?
- 15. Conceptual Metaphors sustainable
- 16. He shot down all
- 17. защита диплома / диссертации
- 18. You are wasting my
- 19. LIFE IS JOURNEY
- 20. IDEAS ARE FOOD
- 21. MIND IS MACHINE
- 22. SEEING IS TOUCHING
- 23. LOVE IS BATTLE
- 24. Orientational Metaphors are connected
- 25. Up Down Forward Backward
- 26. HAPPY IS UP /
- 27. CONSCIOUS IS UP/ UNCONSCIOUS IS
- 28. HEALTH AND LIFE ARE UP/
- 29. HIGH STATUS IS UP/ LOW
- 30. Conceptual metaphor Language metaphor
- 31. Language metaphor Cognitive metaphor
- 32. The 3rd mechanized infantry
- 33. CLEAN- ING WAR source domain target domain
- 34. metaphor – a cognitive
- 35. Thank you!
Metaphor as an object of investigation “Poetics” first mentioned and defined metaphor “If the number of researchers investigating metaphor is increasing as fast as it is doing now,
Слайд 2Metaphor as an object of investigation
“Poetics”
first mentioned and defined
metaphor
“If the number of researchers investigating metaphor is increasing as fast as it is doing now, by the beginning of the XXI century there will be more researchers of the metaphor than people”
A.N. Baranov
Слайд 3Traditional Approach
embellishment
trope, SD, hidden comparison
expressive effect
creative literature
FS, literary discourse only
Слайд 4G. Lakoff, M. Johnson (1980)
The Holy Bible of cognitive approach to
metaphor
Best-selling book for linguists, philosophers and non-specialists
Best-selling book for linguists, philosophers and non-specialists
Theory of Cognitive Metaphor
Слайд 6
Theory of Cognitive Metaphor: Basic Ideas
metaphorisation – procedures of
knowledge processing (frames and scenarios)
frames and scenarios – human’s interaction with reality
frames and scenarios – human’s interaction with reality
Слайд 7
Metaphorisation
Source domain
Target domain
Metaphorical mapping / cognitive mapping
concept you want to
describe
concept you draw upon to create the met. construction
Слайд 12Profiling
- highlighting specific features of the target-domain in the process of
cognitive mapping
Слайд 13What is metaphor?
Metaphor – a process of mapping between 2
conceptual domains
The essence of metaphor – thinking about one thing in the terms of another
(life = box of chocolates
anger = heated fluid in a container)
The essence of metaphor – thinking about one thing in the terms of another
(life = box of chocolates
anger = heated fluid in a container)
Слайд 14Why do we use metaphors?
we can’t but use them
they are
not a part of our language
they are a part of our cognition
the process of thinking – metaphorical nature
they are a part of our cognition
the process of thinking – metaphorical nature
Слайд 15Conceptual Metaphors
sustainable correspondence between source domains and target domains fixed
in the linguistic and cultural tradition of the community
Слайд 16
He shot down all of my arguments
Your claims
are indefensible
I’ve never won an argument with him
…
I’ve never won an argument with him
…
ARGUMENT IS WAR
Слайд 17
защита диплома / диссертации
выиграть спор
атаковать собеседника
отстоять
свою точку зрения
…
…
ARGUMENT IS WAR
Слайд 18
You are wasting my time
This gadget will save
you hours
That flat tire cost me an hour
I’ve invested a lot of time in her
…
That flat tire cost me an hour
I’ve invested a lot of time in her
…
TIME IS MONEY /
TIME IS RESOURCE
Слайд 24
Orientational Metaphors
are connected with our orientation in the space
based with our physical and / or cultural experience
Слайд 26
HAPPY IS UP /
SAD IS DOWN
I’m feeling up
today
My spirits rose
I’m feeling down
I fell into a depression
…
My spirits rose
I’m feeling down
I fell into a depression
…
Слайд 27
CONSCIOUS IS UP/
UNCONSCIOUS IS DOWN
I’m up already
He fell
asleep
He is under hypnosis
He sank into a coma
…
He is under hypnosis
He sank into a coma
…
Слайд 28
HEALTH AND LIFE ARE UP/
SICKNESS AND DEATH ARE DOWN
He
fell ill
She came down with flu
He dropped dead
…
She came down with flu
He dropped dead
…
Слайд 29
HIGH STATUS IS UP/
LOW STATUS IS DOWN
He is at
the peak of his career
She fell in status
She will rise to the top
He is at the bottom of the social hierarchy
…
She fell in status
She will rise to the top
He is at the bottom of the social hierarchy
…
Слайд 32
The 3rd mechanized infantry are currently clearing up parts
of the Al Mansur Saddam village area.
The regime is finished, but there remains some tidying up to do.
Official sources described it as a “mopping up operation”.
The regime is finished, but there remains some tidying up to do.
Official sources described it as a “mopping up operation”.
WAR IS CLEANING
Слайд 34
metaphor – a cognitive phenomenon affecting human’s cognition
an
essential part of our everyday life (we can’t but use them)
a basic scheme by which we conceptualize our experience and external world
A.I. ≠ human intellect (no experience which people have)
a basic scheme by which we conceptualize our experience and external world
A.I. ≠ human intellect (no experience which people have)
Conclusions
