The History Of Video Games презентация

people played the electronic tennis game with separate controllers that connected to an analog computer and used an oscilloscope for a screen. The game’s creator, William Higinbotham, was a nuclear physicist who had worked on the Manhattan Project and lobbied for nuclear nonproliferation as the first chair of the Federation of American Scientists.

TENNIS FOR TWO

programmed a game titled Spacewar! on the PDP-1, a new computer at the time. The game pitted two human players against each other, each controlling a spacecraft capable of firing missiles, while a star in the center of the screen created a large hazard for the crafts.

SPACE WAR

The magnetic core memory's cycle time corresponded roughly to a "clock speed" of 200 kilohertz.

The PDP-1 used punched paper tape as its primary storage medium.

PDP-1

where they both worked at a military electronics contractor. They created a simple video game named Chase, the first to display on a standard television set. With the assistance of Baer, Bill Harrison created the light gun.

CHASE

game console. It was released in 1972, predating the Atari Pong home consoles by three years.

The Odyssey was designed by Ralph Baer, who began around 1966 and had a working prototype finished by 1968. This prototype, known as the Brown Box

Odyssey uses a type of removable printed circuit board card that inserts into a slot similar to a cartridge slot; these do not contain any components but have a series of jumpers between pins of the card connector. These jumpers interconnect different logic and signal generators to produce the desired game logic and screen output components respectively.

The system was sold with translucent plastic overlays that gamers could put on their TV screen to simulate colour graphics, though only two TV sizes were supported.

MAGNAVOX ODYSSEY

also designed to support an add-on peripheral, the first-ever commercial video "light gun”. This detected light from the TV screen, though pointing the gun at a nearby light bulb also registered as a "hit".

MAGNAVOX ODYSSEY

the first game developed by Atari Inc., incorporated in June 1972 by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney. Who installed the Pong prototype at a local bar, Andy Capp's Tavern then released it later that year.

PONG

Pong that would connect to a television.

The idea was to concentrate all electronic components of the arcade version into one chip. According to today's standards it's extremely simple: a tennis game on a television screen. But in 1974, the chip needed was the most sophisticated ever used in a consumer product.

HOME PONG

towns people had to wait hours in line for the shops, not to buy Pong, but to put their name on a list to order it.

Thanks to Pong, Atari in 1975 had a turnover of 40 million dollars.

HOME PONG

industry and paving the way for the golden age of arcade video games.

It was originally manufactured and sold by Taito in Japan

and helped expand the video game industry from a novelty to a global industry.

The game uses an Intel 8080 central processing unit (8-bit - 2Mhz)


Space Invaders grossed US$2 billion worldwide by 1982.

The 1980 Atari 2600 version quadrupled the system's sales and became the first "killer app" for video game consoles.

It has the distinction of being the first programmable ROM cartridge–based video game console, and the first console to use a microprocessor.

CPU - Fairchild F8 8-bit - 1 MHz-2 MHz
Memory - 64 bytes of system RAM
Output - A resolution of 102 × 58 pixels.(ish)
Input - The controllers are a joystick without a base. It could be used as both a joystick and paddle (twist), and not only pushed down to operate as a fire button but also pulled up.

popularizing the use of microprocessor-based hardware and cartridges containing game code

– 128 bytes of RAM
Secondary Memory - ROM (game cartridges): 4 kb maximum capacity (they got this up to 32 kb later)

Input - joysticks, paddles, keyboards, etc.

Output - 160 x 192 pixels, 128 colors were available.

been sold by the end of 1982, earning Mattel a $100,000,000 profit

also the first system to feature downloadable games (via cable TV). Although, without a storage device the games vanished once the machine was turned off. Intellivision was the first game console to provide real-time human and robot voice.

Intellivision was the first console to feature a controller with a directional pad.

Intellivision was also the first console to have a complete built-in character font.

Memory -1456 bytes of RAM

Output - 159 pixels wide by 96 pixels high 16 color palette.

interchangeable cartridges, the Microvision.

over the next eleven years 43.4 million copies of the 59 games were sold worldwide. It was the earliest Nintendo product to garner major success.

Different models were manufactured, with some having two screens and a clam-shell design (the Multi Screen Series). The Nintendo DS and Game Boy Advance SP later reused this design.

The modern "cross" D-pad design was developed in 1982 by Yokoi for the Donkey Kong handheld game.

any description to sell one million units.

CPU MOS Technology 6502 @ 1.02 MHz (NTSC)
Primary Memory 5 - 64 kB
Secondary Storage – Tape and Cartridge
Graphics VIC 176 x 184

MOS Technology 6510@ 0.985 MHz
Primary Memory 64 kB RAM + 20 kB ROM
Secondary Storage IEEE-488 floppy 170 kilobyte drive for 5¼" disks, Tape, Cartridge
Output Graphics VIC-II (320 × 200, 16 colors)

and the means to expand the system's basic hardware.

32 Sprites 16 colors
Sound:
3 tone generators
1 noise generator
Storage: Cartridge: 8/16/24/32 KB

console since the ill-fated Microvision ten years before.

CPU: Custom 8-bit Sharp LR35902at 4.19 MHz
Primary Memory 8 kB -32 kB)
Secondary Memory 2 MB, 4 MB and 8 MB cartridges

2A07 @1.66 Mhz
Primary Memory 2 Kb + 2Kb video
Secondary Memory Cartridges 32Kb – 384 kB
Output 256 x 240 x 54 colours

computer. The best selling model, the Amiga 500, was introduced in 1987

The Amiga was the first multimedia computer

CPU - Motorola 68000 @7.1 Mhz

Primary Memory – 500 Kb (expandable)

Output 320x256 (32 colours) to 640x256 (16 colours) HAM mode allowed for 4096 colours.

The Amiga was one of the first home computers for which inexpensive sound sampling and video digitization accessories were available. As a result of this and the Amiga's audio and video capabilities the Amiga became a popular system for editing and producing both music and video.

shooter-style game.

Networked Games

released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd.

by Atari Corporation in June 1985.

Comparable to the Amiga but but not as good for games.

The ST was also the first home computer with integrated MIDI support. Thanks to its built-in MIDI, it enjoyed success for running music-sequencer software and as a controller of musical instruments among amateurs and professionals alike.