Жалпы хирургия. Blood transfusion презентация

products
 Compatibility test
 Indications for blood transfusion
 Adverse effects of blood transfusion
 Nursing Responsibilities
 Steps in Administering Blood Transfusion products

Blood Blood transfusion is a medical treatment that replaces blood lost through injury, surgery, or disease. The blood goes through a tube from a bag to an intravenous (IV) catheter and into your vein.

a blood transfusion if you lose too much blood, such as through:
Injury or major surgery.
An illness that causes bleeding, such as ableeding ulcer.
An illness that destroys blood cells, such as hemolytic anemiaAn illness that destroys blood cells, such as hemolytic anemia or thrombocytopenia.

States is very safe and generally free from disease. Donated blood is carefully tested and tracked. It is very rare to get a disease through a blood transfusion.
Getting the wrong blood type by accident is the main risk in a blood transfusion, but it is rare. For every 1 million units of blood transfused, getting the wrong blood type happens, at the most, 4 times. Transfusion with the wrong blood type can cause a severe reaction that may be life-threatening.

weeks before they have surgery. If they need a transfusion during surgery, they can receive their own banked blood. This reduces the risk of disease and transfusion reaction from donated blood.

blood type. Signs of a reaction include:

A fever.
Hives.
Shortness of breath.
Pain.
A fast heart rate.
Chills.
Low blood pressure.

determine whether your blood type is A, B, AB or O and whether your blood is Rh positive or Rh negative. The donated blood used for your transfusion must be compatible with your blood type.
You don't need to change your activity levels or diet before a transfusion.
If you've had a reaction to prior blood transfusions, be sure to tell your doctor.

done in a hospital, an outpatient clinic or a doctor's office. A blood transfusion typically takes one to four hours, depending on which parts of the blood you receive and how much blood you need. You're usually seated or lying down for the procedure.

check will be done to ensure you're being given the correct blood. Then an IV line with a needle is inserted into one of your blood vessels. The donated blood that's been stored in a plastic bag enters your bloodstream through the IV. A nurse will monitor you throughout the procedure.

site of transfusion
Chills
Unusual itching
A sense of uneasiness

will be removed. You may develop a small bruise around the IV site, but this should go away with time.

is responding to the donor blood and to check if your blood counts have reached an appropriate level.

For example, if before the transfusion you were anemic, meaning you had low levels of red blood cells, your doctor will check to see how much the transfusion raised your red blood cell count.

Or, if you've had low platelets because of chemotherapy drugs, your doctor may test your blood to see whether the transfusion sufficiently boosted your platelet count. Some conditions require repeated blood transfusions.