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Lipid metabolism презентация
Содержание
- 1. Lipid metabolism
- 2. Fats (Triacylglycerols)
- 3. Phospholipids acetylcholine
- 4. Sphingophospholipids sphingomyelin
- 5. Glycolipids galactosylceramide
- 6. Cholesterol
- 7. Fatty acids
- 8. Bile acids
- 9. Lipid functions Storage form of energy Supply
- 10. Human pancreatic lipase (activation by colipase) Colipase is colored in blue
- 11. Emulsification
- 12. Breakdown of fats
- 13. Absorbtion
- 15. Lipid resynthesis in cells of intestinal wall epithelium β-monoglyceride pathway
- 16. α-glycerophosphate pathway
- 17. Formation of chylomicrons
- 18. Lipoprotein structure
- 19. Transport lipoproteins
- 20. Fat transport
- 21. Artery section RBC Chylomicron
- 23. Dislipoproteinemia (hyperlipoproteinemia) Type I Reduced activity
- 24. Tissue lipase activation Glucagon Adrenalin Proteinkinase inactive
- 25. β-Oxidation of fatty acids Rate-limiting! carnitine acyl transferase
- 26. Breakdown of acyl carnitin in mitochondria CAT
- 27. Dehydrogenation
- 28. Hydration
- 29. Dehydrogenation
- 30. Thiolase reaction
- 31. Propionyl-CoA metabolism
- 32. Oxidadion of unsaturated fatty acids
- 33. α-Oxidation (nervous tissue, > 20 С) ω-Oxidation (in pathology)
- 34. Violations of fatty acid oxidation Hereditary defects
- 35. 2 CH3-CO- SCоА Synthesis of ketone bodies CH3-CO-CH2-CO-S-CоА
- 36. acetoacetate acetoacetyl-CoA succinyl-CoA succinate CoA-transferase thiolase 2
- 37. Mechanism of ketosis
- 38. Lipogenesis Acetyl-CoA transport
- 39. Lipogenesis СО2 + АТP + biotin-enzyme →
- 40. Fatty acid synthase structure
- 41. Acetyl CoA + ACP
- 46. Formation of other fatty acids elongase desaturase desaturase
- 47. Regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity
- 48. Regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity
Fats (Triacylglycerols)
Слайд 9Lipid functions
Storage form of energy
Supply essential fatty acids
Structural components of cell
membranes
Electrical insulation
Protect body from cold
Mechanical protection of internal organs
Metabolic regulators (hormones)
Help transport fat soluble vitamins
Electrical insulation
Protect body from cold
Mechanical protection of internal organs
Metabolic regulators (hormones)
Help transport fat soluble vitamins
Слайд 23Dislipoproteinemia (hyperlipoproteinemia) Type I
Reduced activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
Deficiency
of apoCII (LPL activator )
Слайд 24Tissue lipase activation
Glucagon
Adrenalin
Proteinkinase inactive
Proteinkinase active
ТАG-lipase inactive
ТАG-lipase active
ТАG
Glycerol
Fatty
acids
АТP
cАМP
Glycerol
Fatty
acids
Oxidation in tissues
adipocyte
blood
Слайд 34Violations
of fatty acid oxidation
Hereditary defects of carnitine acyl transferase I or
enzymes of carnitine synthesis
Genetic defect of dehydrogenase of fatty acids with medium chain
Genetic defect of dehydrogenase of fatty acids with medium chain
Слайд 352 CH3-CO- SCоА
Synthesis of ketone bodies
CH3-CO-CH2-CO-S-CоА
Н2О
HS-CоА
HOOC-CH2-COH(CH3)-CH2-CO-S-CоА
CH3-CO-CH2-COOH
CH3-CO-CH3
CH3-CHOH-CH2-COOH
- CH3-CO-S-CоА
- HS-CоА
+ CH3-CO-S-CоА
- CO2
+ NАDН +
Н+
- NАD+
Liver!
Слайд 36acetoacetate
acetoacetyl-CoA
succinyl-CoA
succinate
CoA-transferase
thiolase
2 acetyl-CoA
+ НS-КоА
Oxidation of ketone bodies
Myocardium
Renal cortex
Слайд 39Lipogenesis
СО2 + АТP + biotin-enzyme →
→ carboxybiotin-enzyme + АDP + Pi
carboxybiotin-enzyme
+ СН3-СО-SКоА → → НООС-СН2-СО-S-КоА + biotin-enzyme
malonyl-CoA
Rate-limiting!
Слайд 41
Acetyl CoA + ACP Acetyl-ACP + HSCoA
Malonyl CoA + ACP
Malonyl-ACP + HSCoA
(ACP = acyl carrier protein)
(ACP = acyl carrier protein)
acetyl transacylase
malonyl transacylase
Слайд 46Formation of other fatty acids
elongase
desaturase
desaturase
Palmitic acid 16:0
Palmitoleic
Acid 16:1 (9)
Stearic acid 18:0
Oleic acid
18:1(9)
