Perception in this case is achieved through active exploration of surfaces and objects by a moving subject as opposed to passive contact of a static subject during tactile perception.
Gibson (1966) defined the haptic system as "The sensibility of the individual to the world adjacent to his body by use of his body". Gibson and others further emphasized what Weber had realized in 1851 - the close link between haptic perception and body movement: haptic perception is active exploration.
People can rapidly and accurately identify three-dimensional objects by touch.They do so through the use of exploratory procedures, such as moving the fingers over the outer surface of the object or holding the entire object in the hand.
Haptic sensitivity can be impaired by a multitude of diseases and disorders. Predominantly are skin injuries . Additionally, loss of sensitivity may be caused by metabolic, toxic or immunologic factors. Exemplary medical conditions that can cause neuropathies are: diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, thyroid dysfunction as well as hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and alcohol dependency.
Loss of the sense of touch is a catastrophic deficit that can impair walking and other skilled actions such as holding objects or using tools.
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