New York City Community Gardens Cultivating Local Resilience Post-Sandy презентация

York City Community Gardens Cultivating Local Resilience Post-Sandy

Photo: Hip Hop Community Garden

where groups of people cultivate edible & ornamental plants
Diverse in form & composition
Community-driven stewardship

NYC Community Gardens
Over 600 gardens

times of crisis (Bassett 1979)

a. Great Depression: WPA Garden
b. WWII: Victory Gardens
c. Urban Decline of 1970s- Community Gardens

from Frantz (2012)

recovery of New York City’s coastal “red zone” communities after Hurricane Sandy?

to change (Tidball & Krasny, 2014)
Factors for fostering resilience during change
(Folke et al. 2002)
Learning to live with change & uncertainty
Nurturing diversity (biological & cultural)
Combining knowledge for learning
Creating opportunities for self-organization

Civic Ecology Practice
Self-organized stewardship initiatives
(Krasny & Tidball, 2012)

Post-Disaster Greening
Social mechanisms of adaptation and transformation (Tidball, 2014)
Community gardening provides cognitive, emotional & community benefits (Okvat & Zautra, 2013)

Community Gardens
Campos Community Garden
(Lower East Side, Manhattan)
Boardwalk Community Garden (Coney Island, Brooklyn)
Hip Hop Community Garden (Arverne, Queens)
Beach 91st Garden
(Rockaway Beach, Queens)
Smith Brothers Memorial Garden (Rockaway Beach, Queens)

7 (4 women, 3 men)
transcripts
Participant Observation
garden visits (2- 4 visits/garden)
field notes & photos
Archival Research
documents & websites
Data Analysis
thematic analysis

an open fire two days after one of the most devastating hurricanes in the East Coast. ...standing around in our neighborhood when the National Guard can't even get through yet. ...that is the best defense we have against any fear. The best defense we have against looting, rioting, or any other kind of insecurity… And that is a direct result of the community garden. You know, being a hub for safety, security. A blanket of support between neighbors.”
(Gardener, Beach 91st Street Community Garden)

Community Gardens as Local Havens

Photos: Beach 91st Street Community Garden)

Adaptive, Open Community Spaces

Photo: Sea-Song Memorial at Hip Hop Garden

Photos: Padre Plaza Garden (T), Solar Sandy Project (B)

Campos Community Garden

(Gardener, B91St Garden)

“...the garden has very much been a catharsis for [local residents]… and something that they're excited about- it's like some semblance of normalcy back in their lives.”

Campos Community Garden

Screen capture: Campos Garden Facebook Page

the resilience, recovery, regrowth of individuals , neighborhoods & local SES

Shorter-term:
transformation, opportunities to empower, assist and reclaim environments, lives, sense of place and meaning

Longer-term:
adaptation, fostering natural, human, social, etc. capital, social-ecological diversity, learning, support networks

Photo: Boardwalk Community Garden

civic stewardship in report

Importance of managing for change and flexibility

Recognize role of community capacity and environmental stewardship in catalyzing recovery

Support emergent community greening practices and spaces to build natural and human/social capital

B 91st, Smith Brothers Memorial Gardens

Colleagues at NYC Urban Field Station

Building Resilience for Complexity and Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Carpenter, S., Walker, B., Anderies, J. M., & Abel, N. (2001). From metaphor to measurement: resilience of what to what?. Ecosystems, 4(8), 765-781.

Colding, J., & Barthel, S. 2013. The potential of ‘Urban Green Commons’ in the resilience building of cities. Ecological Economics, 86, 156-166.

Folke, C., Carpenter S., et al. (2002). Resilience and sustainable development: Building adaptive capacity in a world of transformations (p. 34) The Environmental Advisory Council to the Swedish Government. Johannesburg, South Africa.

GreenThumb. 2014. Greenthumb website. http://www.greenthumbnyc.org/

Lawson, L. J. 2005. City bountiful: A century of community gardening in America. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Okvat, H.A. & Zautra, A.J. 2011. Community Gardening: A Parsimonious Path to Individual,Community, and Environmental Resilience. American Journal of Community Psychology. 47:374–387


 

the Red Zone. In K.G Tidball and M.E. Krasny (eds.), Greening in the Red Zone: Disaster, Resilience and Community Greening. Springer, New York.

Tidball, Keith, & Stedman, Richard. 2013. Positive dependency and virtuous cycles: From resource dependence to resilience in urban social-ecological systems. Ecological Economics, 86(0), 292-299.

von Hassell, M. 2002. The Struggle for Eden: Community Gardens in New York City. London: Bergin & Harvey.

Walker, B. and D. Salt. 2006. Resilience Thinking: Sustaining Ecosystems and People in a Changing World. Island Press, London