GMF презентация

as organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally.
The technology is often called “modern biotechnology “genetic engineering”.
It allows selected individual genes to be transferred from one organism into another, also between non-related species.

First transgenic cereal plants (maize and wheat)

1993 Regulations for deliberate release of genetically engineered organisms.

Genetically engineered tomato marketed in USA.

2004, genetically modified crops were being grown by 8.25 million farmers in 17 countries

The 1980’s marked the scientific discovery that specific pieces of DNA could be transferred from one organism to another , This became the basis of the genetic modification process.
In 1983, the first transgenic plant, a tobacco plant resistant to anti-biotics was created

Some Revolutionary Periods

modification process could be used to

1- introduce nutrients and vitamins to enrich foods
2- improve crop protection
3- in order to create or enhance desirable characteristics from the same or another species”
4- introducing natural pesticides and insecticides through genetic manipulation decreases using of chemical pesticides & insecticides
5- to produces higher yielding, heartier plants that are more adaptable to soils and climates and require less water to grow

anti-biotics was created

for 60% of GM crop area

maize accounting for 23% of GM crop area

cotton accounting for 11% of GM crop area

canola accounting for 6% of GM crop area

consuming genetically modified food

1. Food Allergy Symptoms Increase Dramatically
2. Bodily Toxicity Increases
3. Negative Reproductive Effects
4. Negative Effects To Digestive System
5. Unknown Genetic Effects On Humans
6. Death of insect and some of animal
7. Mutation

so Unfamiliar foreign proteins e.g. allergic reactions
Genes resistant to antibiotics e.g. dangerous disease transmittable to humans
Some carcinogenic properties causing cancer (long term effects)
Toxic compound (glyphosphate in Roundup) harming development in children and adult
The golden rice with more beta-carotene has too much of a pigment called xanthophylls, and the rice with less glutelin has more of the protein proclaim, which can be an allergen.
Ethical concern (Religious)
Money cost approbation
Antibiotic resistant
Resistant weed

of insertion random and many potentially damage the plant’s genetic makeup
The mutation that occur during the genetically engineering can lead to many unexpected changes in a resulting crops such as
1- poor crops performance 2- alteration in food’s nutritional content
3- toxic & allergnic effects
Not safe process Very little testing has been done on GM foods.
genetic engineering is a new field, and long term results are unclear
funding only given to tests which show positive results.

is effect the wildlife
Gm dose not help the Clemet changes
GMO also depend in the nitrogen fertilizer which increase the greenhouse gases
glyphosate depletes soil quality by killing the natural nutrients and organisms that are necessary for plant development leading to plant diseases , glyphosate is highly invasive and can mixed with rain , air ,water soil and ground water

effects

- Increased crop yield and quality

- Subsequently increased profit

whole

They are a topic of much deliberation and tension; very prevalent in some parts of the world and banned in others

Ultimately, GMO’s are still a relatively premature technology and in the developmental process. Only time will reveal their ultimate effect on humans.

UK, Spain, Italy, France

Middle East: Saudi Arabia

Pacific: Fiji, Australia, New Zealand

banned unfortunately Iraq between allowed