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Global Sustainable Energy: Current trends and Future Prospects презентация
Содержание
- 1. Global Sustainable Energy: Current trends and Future Prospects
- 2. Exploiting natural resources 7/11/2014 400,000-year-old shelter from Terra Amata, France
- 3. Industrial revolution 1700 7/11/2014
- 4. Technological explosion 7/11/2014
- 5. Current technological revolution 7/11/2014
- 6. The impact of industrial revolution on our
- 7. Switching towards clean energy 7/11/2014 Wind Power
- 8. General overview 7/11/2014 Biomass energy Solar Power
- 9. Switching towards clean energy 7/11/2014 Wind Power
- 10. Global public support for energy sources 7/11/2014 Image via: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Global_public_support_for_energy_sources_%28Ipsos_2011%29.png
- 11. Global status with solar power 7/11/2014 Image via: http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2013/12/global-solar-energy-generation-2012-infographic.jpg
- 12. 7/11/2014 Germany has a goal of producing
- 13. Status of Germany with solar power 7/11/2014
- 14. The potential of solar power 7/11/2014 Visualization
- 15. The potential of solar energy in reducing
- 16. Ivanpah Solar Power Facility, U.S. 7/11/2014
- 17. Canal Solar Power Project, India 7/11/2014
- 18. A touch of innovation 7/11/2014
- 19. Solar energy trends over the past 3
- 20. Cost problem 7/11/2014 Image : http://greenecon.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/cost_kwh2.jpg
- 21. Past prices 7/11/2014 Image: http://www.midlandsolarapplications.com/about-solar.html
- 22. Long-term storage of solar energy 7/11/2014 Images : http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/icimages?p_imgid=130329 http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110929/images/news564-i2b.0.jpg Artificial leaf
- 23. Biomass Energy 7/11/2014 Image: http://www.williamsrenewables.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/diagram.gif Terrestrial biomes Industrial waste Marine biomass
- 24. Second-largest source of renewable electricity generation 7/11/2014
- 25. 7/11/2014 Miscanthus Switchgrass Hemp Bamboo Maize Sugarcane
- 26. Advantages of terrestrial biomes 7/11/2014 Advantages
- 27. 7/11/2014 Disadvantages of terrestrial biomes
- 28. 7/11/2014 Second-generation biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass 40
- 29. Environmental impact of second-generation biofuels
- 30. 7/11/2014 Problem with lignocellulosic biomass Lignin
- 31. 7/11/2014 The search for novel cellulolytic enzymes
- 32. 7/11/2014 In practice The world's largest cellulosic
- 33. 7/11/2014 Marine macroalgae Image: http://innovatedevelopment.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/seaweed_biofuel.gif
- 34. 7/11/2014 Advantages of macroalgae as a biomass
- 35. 7/11/2014 Marine macroalgae as a biomass for the production of biofuels Image: http://innovatedevelopment.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/seaweed_biofuel.gif
- 36. 7/11/2014 Productivity of Biofuels by Different Plants
- 37. 7/11/2014 Simulation models and prediction of growth
- 38. 7/11/2014 Natural distribution of shallow water macroalgae
- 39. 7/11/2014 Production cost of ethanol obtained from
- 40. 7/11/2014 Summary Sustainability Innovation Consistency
- 41. T H A N K Y O U ! FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Exploiting natural resources 7/11/2014 400,000-year-old shelter from Terra Amata, France
Слайд 1
Global Sustainable Energy: Current trends and Future Prospects
Hashem AL-ghaili
Jacobs University Bremen
Слайд 6The impact of industrial revolution on our climate
7/11/2014
Image: http://www.st-edmunds.cam.ac.uk/CIS/houghton/images/fig4.jpg
By the year
2100, carbon dioxide concentrations will rise to 600 - 700 parts per million.
Слайд 7Switching towards clean energy
7/11/2014
Wind Power
Hydropower
Solar power
Biomass energy
Geothermal energy
Nuclear power
Слайд 9Switching towards clean energy
7/11/2014
Wind Power
Hydropower
Solar power
Biomass energy
Geothermal energy
Nuclear power
Слайд 10Global public support for energy sources
7/11/2014
Image via: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Global_public_support_for_energy_sources_%28Ipsos_2011%29.png
Слайд 11Global status with solar power
7/11/2014
Image via: http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2013/12/global-solar-energy-generation-2012-infographic.jpg
Слайд 127/11/2014
Germany has a goal of producing 100% of electricity from renewable
sources by 2050.
http://thinkprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Germany-renewables-638x566.png
Status of Germany
Слайд 13Status of Germany with solar power
7/11/2014
June 6th (1pm and 2pm)
June
9th (National holiday)
24.24 GWh of electricity
24.24 GWh of electricity
http://www.thelocal.de/20140619/germany-produces-half-of-electricity-needs-with-solar-power
Слайд 14The potential of solar power
7/11/2014
Visualization via: Nadine May
Data provided by the
German Aerospace Centre (DLR)
Total surface area required to fuel the world with solar power
Europe (EU-25)
Germany (De)
Слайд 15The potential of solar energy in reducing CO2 emissions
7/11/2014
The Agua Caliente
Solar Project
Capacity: 290 MWh
CO2 Reduction: 324,000 tons
Capacity: 290 MWh
CO2 Reduction: 324,000 tons
Arizona, United States
Solnova Solar Power Station
Capacity: 200 MWh
CO2 Reduction: 185,000 tons
Sanlúcar la Mayor, Spain
Welspun Solar MP Project
Capacity: 150 MWh
CO2 Reduction: 216,372 tons
Neemuch, India
Shams Solar Power Station
Capacity: 100 MWh
CO2 Reduction: 175,000 tons
Abu Dhabi, UAE
Ivanpah Solar Power Facility
Capacity: 354 MWh
CO2 Reduction: 400,000 tons
California, United States
Genesis Solar Energy Project
Capacity: 250 MWh
CO2 Reduction: 393,000 tons
California, United States
Слайд 16Ivanpah Solar Power Facility, U.S.
7/11/2014
Ivanpah Solar Power Facility
Location: California, United States
Commission
date: Feb, 2014
Capacity: 354 megawatts (MWh)
Generates power for 140,000 homes
The Ivanpah installation reduces carbon dioxide emissions by over 400,000 tons annually.
Capacity: 354 megawatts (MWh)
Generates power for 140,000 homes
The Ivanpah installation reduces carbon dioxide emissions by over 400,000 tons annually.
Слайд 19Solar energy trends over the past 3 years
7/11/2014
More efficient.
Minimized environmental risks.
Cheaper.
Smaller.
Flexible.
Transparent.
Слайд 22Long-term storage of solar energy
7/11/2014
Images : http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/icimages?p_imgid=130329
http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110929/images/news564-i2b.0.jpg
Artificial leaf
Слайд 23Biomass Energy
7/11/2014
Image: http://www.williamsrenewables.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/diagram.gif
Terrestrial biomes
Industrial waste
Marine biomass
Слайд 24Second-largest source of renewable electricity generation
7/11/2014
Graph: Department of Energy, Energy Information
Administration, Energy Outlook 2009.
Biomass is the fastest growing, going from 11% of the total in 2007, to more than 41% in 2030.
Слайд 257/11/2014
Miscanthus
Switchgrass
Hemp
Bamboo
Maize
Sugarcane
Oil palm
Rice
Terrestrial biomes used for energy production
Thermal conversion
Chemical conversion
Biochemical conversion
Ethanol –
Bioalcohols - Biodiesel
- Biofuel gasoline - Bioethers - Biogas
- Biofuel gasoline - Bioethers - Biogas
Слайд 26Advantages of terrestrial biomes
7/11/2014
Advantages
Clean and eco-friendly energy source.
Products that are
used in biomass are easily available.
The material for biomass will surely never run out.
The material for biomass will surely never run out.
Слайд 277/11/2014
Disadvantages of terrestrial biomes
Costly sometimes (depending on the substrate).
The clearance
of large areas including forests.
Releases methane into the air (lesser than fossil fuels).
Sustainable under certain conditions only.
Consumption of fresh water.
Competition for arable land.
Food-fuel debate.
Releases methane into the air (lesser than fossil fuels).
Sustainable under certain conditions only.
Consumption of fresh water.
Competition for arable land.
Food-fuel debate.
Слайд 287/11/2014
Second-generation biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass
40 million tonnes/year
Rich substrate of glucose
An abundant
source of biomass
Corn stover
Wood shavings
Woody remains
Слайд 29Environmental impact of
second-generation biofuels
7/11/2014
Graph: http://www.afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/images/GHG-emissions-transportation-fuels.jpg
Life-cycle energy and greenhouse gas
emission impacts of different corn ethanol plant types Michael Wang et al 2007 Environ. Res. Lett. 2 024001
Слайд 317/11/2014
The search for novel cellulolytic enzymes continues
Graphic by: Lignocellulose: A chewy
problem, Katharine Sanderson - Nature
The gribble (Limnoria quadripunctata)
Termites feed on dead plant material with the help of their intestinal bacteria
Fungus Trichoderma reesii (Hypocrea jecorina)
Слайд 327/11/2014
In practice
The world's largest cellulosic ethanol plant
50 million liters of cellulosic
ethanol a year
Location: Crescentino, Italy
Location: Crescentino, Italy
Слайд 337/11/2014
Marine macroalgae
Image: http://innovatedevelopment.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/seaweed_biofuel.gif
Слайд 347/11/2014
Advantages of macroalgae as a biomass for energy production
No fresh water
required.
Very abundant.
Plays an important role in carbon capture and
CO2 storage (0.7 million tons/year).
Nitrogen and phosphorus are provided by fish.
Can be collected from industrial waste.
Very abundant.
Plays an important role in carbon capture and
CO2 storage (0.7 million tons/year).
Nitrogen and phosphorus are provided by fish.
Can be collected from industrial waste.
Слайд 357/11/2014
Marine macroalgae as a biomass for the production of biofuels
Image: http://innovatedevelopment.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/seaweed_biofuel.gif
Слайд 367/11/2014
Productivity of Biofuels by Different Plants
Image: http://www.asiabiomass.jp/english/topics/images/1009_2_2.jpg
Source: “Prospect of Biomass Energy
of Sea Algae”, Prof. Shin Watanabe, Tsukuba University
50-60 % carbohydrates
1–3 % lipids
7–38 % minerals
10–47 % proteins
Слайд 377/11/2014
Simulation models and prediction of growth conditions
Maps: NASA’s Earth Observatory /
Hughes et al.
Слайд 387/11/2014
Natural distribution of shallow water macroalgae across the globe
The potential coastal
areas to culture macroalgae for biogas are indicated in red line.
Map: NASA’s Earth Observatory
Слайд 397/11/2014
Production cost of ethanol obtained from different sources of biomass
Graph :
http://www.algenol.com/sites/default/files/production_graph.png
Algae Biofuel Process by Algenol Yields 8000 Gallons per Acre at $1.27 per Gallon
Aims to produce 20 billion gallons per year of low cost ethanol by 2033
1 gallon = 3.78541 liters
