The form of modal auxiliaries презентация

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1. The form of modal auxiliaries
2. 7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES Somebody should clean up this mess.
3. 7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES AUXILIARY
4. 7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES AUXILIARY
5. 7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES AUXILIARY
6. 7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES AUXILIARY
7. 7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES AUXILIARY
8. 7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES AUXILIARY
9. 7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES AUXILIARY
10. 7-1 LET’S PRACTICE She has ___ learn how to skate. to to Ø
11. 7-1 LET’S PRACTICE to Ø She might ___ learn how to skate. Ø
12. 7-1 LET’S PRACTICE She should ___ learn how to skate. Ø to Ø
13. 7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD I can’t believe that!
14. can
15. three negative forms
16. 7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY:
17. could =
18. negative form of
19. 7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY:
20. 7-2 LET’S PRACTICE can can’t He is always upset when he _______ remember something. can’t
21. 7-2 LET’S PRACTICE can can’t A dolphin ______ run, but it ______ jump. can’t can
22. 7-2 LET’S PRACTICE can can’t You ______
23. 7-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND
24. (a) It may snow this week.
25. I don’t know. We might be
26. (d) It may not snow this week.
27. (f) Maybe it will snow tomorrow.
28. (i) Yes, you may borrow my pen.
29. (k) You may not borrow my pen.
30. 7-3 LET’S PRACTICE maybe may be I
31. 7-3 LET’S PRACTICE maybe may be
32. 7-3 LET’S PRACTICE maybe can The boss
33. 7-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY This could be a long walk.
34. 7-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY Could
35. 7-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY Why
36. 7-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY This
37. 7-4 LET’S PRACTICE present OR future I’d
38. 7-4 LET’S PRACTICE Oh, no! This could be a problem! present OR future
39. 7-4 LET’S PRACTICE This car doesn’t run.
40. 7-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I May I help you?
41. 7-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I,
42. 7-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I,
43. 7-5 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT Can I please borrow your car?
44. 7-5 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT May I borrow your car?
45. 7-5 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT Could I borrow please your car?
46. 7-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU,
47. 7-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU,
48. 7-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU,
49. 7-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU,
50. 7-6 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT Could you wash my car yesterday?
51. 7-6 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT Will you wash my car, please?
52. 7-6 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT May you please wash my car?
53. 7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO They should go home and get some rest.
54. 7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
55. 7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
56. 7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
57. 7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO (f) You should come in to see me.
58. 7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
59. 7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
60. 7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
61. 7-7 LET’S PRACTICE should You should
62. 7-7 LET’S PRACTICE ought to You
63. 7-7 LET’S PRACTICE maybe, should
64. 7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER They had better go home and get some rest.
65. 7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE:
66. 7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE:
67. 7-8 LET’S PRACTICE You’d better quit watching
68. 7-8 LET’S PRACTICE He’d better not walk
69. 7-8 LET’S PRACTICE He’d better stay awake
70. 7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
71. (a) I want to become a doctor.
72. (b) I need to hurry.
73. (c) It’s late. We’ve got to go
74. (d) Everyone must wear a seatbelt on
75. (b) I have to go to soccer
76. (f) Do you have to wear seatbelts
77. (f) Do you have to wear seatbelts
78. (f) Do you have to wear seatbelts
79. (h) We had to clean up the
80. (i) I have
81. 7-9 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT Do I must wash all the dishes?
82. 7-9 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT Do I have to wash all the dishes?
83. 7-9 LET’S PRACTICE YES NO ? CORRECT
84. 7-10 EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO
85. (a) I mowed the yard yesterday.
86. (b) Alesha is on vacation.
87. (c) You must not swim here.
88. (e) You mustn’t throw trash in the
89. 7-10 LET’S PRACTICE We cleaned the house
90. 7-10 LET’S PRACTICE I cooked dinner this
91. 7-10 LET’S PRACTICE Swimming is prohibited. You _______________ swim here. must not / mustn’t
92. 7-11 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST Mary and Artie are smiling. They must be happy.
93. best guess
94. 7-11 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST LOGICAL CONCLUSION
95. 7-11 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST NEGATIVE LOGICAL
96. 7-11 LET’S PRACTICE necessity prohibition logical
97. 7-11 LET’S PRACTICE necessity prohibition logical
98. 7-11 LET’S PRACTICE necessity prohibition logical
99. 7-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES You can keep a secret, can’t you?
100. 7-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES (a)
101. 7-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES (f)
102. 7-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES (f)
103. 7-12 LET’S PRACTICE They ______________ stop working, _____________? should shouldn’t they should
104. 7-12 LET’S PRACTICE She ______________ work today,
105. 7-12 LET’S PRACTICE She ______________ like to
106. 7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES Listen to me!
107. COMMAND Yes, Mom. (a) Sit down! You
108. REQUEST Sit down, please. I want to
109. DIRECTIONS (c) Emma: So, where should I
110. imperative sentences
111. (d) Slow down! 7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
112. (d) Slow down! (e) Please slow
113. (f) Come on!
114. (g) Don’t worry. I won’t fall.
115. (g) Don’t worry. I won’t fall.
116. (g) Don’t worry.
117. 7-13 LET’S PRACTICE command request directions Please don’t worry about me. ?
118. 7-13 LET’S PRACTICE To use chopsticks, keep
119. 7-13 LET’S PRACTICE Don’t swing so high! command request directions ?
120. 7-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LET’S AND WHY DON’T Let’s try this approach.
121. 7-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LET’S AND WHY DON’T
122. 7-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS:
123. 7-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS:
124. 7-14 LET’S PRACTICE Let’s ___________ together. Let’s study We have a big test tomorrow.
125. Why don’t we 7-14 LET’S PRACTICE
126. 7-14 LET’S PRACTICE ________________ at this
127. 7-15 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE…BETTER, WOULD RATHER
129. like + noun
130. (e) Ray would
131. Contraction of would
132. 7-15 LET’S PRACTICE than to I like to play badminton better ____ tennis. than
133. 7-15 LET’S PRACTICE I prefer badminton ___ tennis. to than to
134. 7-15 LET’S PRACTICE I would rather play badminton ____ tennis. than than to
135. PHOTO CREDITS Images used under

Слайд 17-1 The form of modal auxiliaries
7-2 Expressing ability: can

and could
7-3 Expressing possibility: may, might, and maybe Expressing …
7-4 Using could to express possibility
7-5 Polite questions: may I, could I, can I
7-6 Polite questions: would you, could you, will you, can you
7-7 Expressing advice: should and ought to
7-8 Expressing advice: had better
7-9 Expressing necessity: have to, have got to, must
7-10 Expressing lack of necessity: do not have to Expressing: …
7-11 Making logical conclusions: must
7-12 Tag questions with modal auxiliaries
7-13 Giving instructions: imperative sentences
7-14 Making suggestions: let's and why don't
7-15 Stating preferences: prefer, like...better, would rather

CONTENTS

Слайд 27-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
Somebody should clean up this mess.

Слайд 37-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB
can

(a) Inga can play the violin.

could (b) They couldn’t arrive on time.

may (c) It may be a nice day tomorrow.

might (d) It might be a nice day tomorrow.

Слайд 47-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB
should

(e) Inga should go inside.

had better (f) You had better go inside.

must (g) He must be gentle with the cat.

will (h) They will attend the recital.

would (i) I would like to meet her.

Слайд 57-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB
can
could
may
might
should
had

better

must

will

would

not followed by to

Inga can to play the violin.

Слайд 67-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB

no

final -s

Inga can plays the violin.

can

could

may

might

should

had better

must

will

would

Слайд 77-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB

not

in past form

Inga can played the violin.

can

could

may

might

should

had better

must

will

would

Слайд 87-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB

not

in -ing form

Inga can playing the violin.

can

could

may

might

should

had better

must

will

would

Слайд 97-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + TO + SIMPLE FORM

OF VERB

have to (j) You have to be on time.

to + simple form

ought to (m) He ought to be on time.

have got to (k) He has got to be on time.

be able to (l) He is able to be on time.

Слайд 107-1 LET’S PRACTICE
She has ___ learn how to skate.
to
to
Ø

Слайд 117-1 LET’S PRACTICE
to
Ø
She might ___ learn how to skate.
Ø

Слайд 127-1 LET’S PRACTICE
She should ___ learn how to skate.
Ø
to
Ø

Слайд 137-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
I can’t believe that!

Слайд 14

can ability in present

or future

7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD

(a) Dolphins can jump very high.

(b) They can swim long distances.

(c) They can be taught fancy tricks.

Слайд 15

three negative forms
of can
7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD

can’t
(d) I cannot fix this computer.
can not

Слайд 16

7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
(e) Amy can play tennis.

(f)

Doug can’t play tennis.

can

unstressed

sounds like “kun”

can’t

sounds like “kæn”

stressed

Слайд 17

could = past form of can
7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY:

CAN AND COULD

(g) When we were in college, we could play chess for hours.

Слайд 18

negative form of could
7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
(h) I

couldn’t play chess in graduate school.
I had to study all the time.

couldn’t or
could not

Слайд 19

7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
(i). Mia can use a

camera.

(j). Mia is able to use a camera.

(l). Mia was able to use a camera.

(k). Mia could use a camera.

be able to

ability

same
meaning

Слайд 207-2 LET’S PRACTICE
can
can’t
He is always upset when he _______ remember something.
can’t

Слайд 217-2 LET’S PRACTICE
can
can’t
A dolphin run, but it jump.
can’t
can

Слайд 227-2 LET’S PRACTICE
can
can’t
You bring a horse
to water, but you

make him drink it.

can’t

can

Слайд 237-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND MAYBE; EXPRESSING

PERMISSION: MAY AND CAN

Maybe Alice heard some bad news.

Слайд 24(a) It may snow this week.

(b) It might snow this week.

may, might possibility

same
meaning

7-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND MAYBE; EXPRESSING PERMISSION: MAY AND CAN

Слайд 25
I don’t know.
We might be
ready by then.
I don’t know.
We may be
ready

by then.

Can we finish this by Monday?

(c)

7-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND MAYBE; EXPRESSING PERMISSION: MAY AND CAN

Слайд 26(d) It may not snow this week.

(e) It might not snow

this week.

Negative: may not, might not
no contractions

7-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND MAYBE; EXPRESSING PERMISSION: MAY AND CAN

Слайд 27(f) Maybe it will snow tomorrow.

COMPARE
(g) Maybe the test will be

hard.

(h) The test may be hard.

adverb

verb

maybe “possibly”

beginning of sentence

may be =

may + the main verb be

7-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND MAYBE; EXPRESSING PERMISSION: MAY AND CAN

Слайд 28(i) Yes, you may borrow my pen.

(j) Sure, you can borrow

my pen.

may permission

can often used, too

more formal

less formal

7-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND MAYBE; EXPRESSING PERMISSION: MAY AND CAN

Слайд 29(k) You may not borrow my pen.

You can’t

borrow my pen.

may deny permission

can often used, too

7-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND MAYBE; EXPRESSING PERMISSION: MAY AND CAN

Слайд 307-3 LET’S PRACTICE
maybe
may be
I _______ done with

this project tomorrow.
may be

Слайд 317-3 LET’S PRACTICE
maybe
may be
_______ I’ll be done with this project

tomorrow.

Maybe

Слайд 327-3 LET’S PRACTICE
maybe
can
The boss told me that we ____ use the

new color printer.

can

Слайд 337-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
This could be a long walk.

Слайд 347-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
Could you understand the lecture?
Not really.

I could only understand the first few minutes.

(a)

could

past ability

Слайд 357-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
Why isn’t this working?
I don’t think

it’s serious. It could just be a weak battery.

(b)

Could =

present
possibility

Слайд 367-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
This error could cause problems in

the whole company.

(c)

Could =

future
possibility

Слайд 377-4 LET’S PRACTICE
present
OR
future
I’d like to visit a beautiful place.

We could go

to Thailand.

Слайд 387-4 LET’S PRACTICE
Oh, no! This could be a problem!
present
OR
future

Слайд 397-4 LET’S PRACTICE
This car doesn’t run. The battery could be dead.

present
OR
future

Слайд 407-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I
May I help

you?

Слайд 417-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I
POLITE QUESTION
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
(a)

May I please take your picture?
(b) Could I please take your picture?
(c) Can I please take your picture?

Yes.

Uh-huh.

Yes. Certainly.

Of course.

Certainly.

Sure.

Okay.

Yes. Of course.

Sorry, not today.

Слайд 427-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I
(d) Can

I take your picture, please?

(e) Can I take your picture?

POLITE QUESTION

please - at the end

no please - also ok

Слайд 437-5 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Can I please borrow your car?

Слайд 447-5 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
May I borrow your car?

Слайд 457-5 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Could I borrow please your car?

Слайд 467-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL

YOU, CAN YOU

Would you please sit still?

Слайд 477-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL

YOU, CAN YOU

(a) Would you please explain that again?

(b) Could you please explain that again?

(d) Can you please explain that again?

POLITE QUESTION

basically the same meaning

Слайд 487-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL

YOU, CAN YOU

(a) Would you please
explain that again?

(b) Could you please
explain that again?

(d) Can you please
explain that again?

POLITE QUESTION

POLITE ANSWERS

Yes.

Yes. Of course.

Of course. I’d be glad to.

Sure.

I’m sorry. I don’t have time.

Certainly.

Okay.

Uh-huh.

Слайд 497-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL

YOU, CAN YOU

(a) Would you please
explain that again?

(b) Could you please
explain that again?

(d) Can you please
explain that again?

POLITE QUESTION

can is less formal

INCORRECT:
May you please
explain that again.

Слайд 507-6 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Could you wash my car yesterday?

Слайд 517-6 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Will you wash my car, please?

Слайд 527-6 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
May you please wash my car?

Слайд 537-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
They should go home and

get some rest.

Слайд 547-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(a) I have a headache.

I take a nap.

should
ought to

(b) INCORRECT: I should to take a nap.

should + simple form of verb

ought + + simple form of verb

Слайд 557-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(d) You need to study.

You should not go out.

NEGATIVE: should + not = shouldn’t

You need to study. You shouldn’t go out.

Ought to not usually used in negative

Слайд 567-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(e)

QUESTION: should + subject

+ main verb

Ought to not usually used in questions

I don’t understand the assignment. What should I do?

Слайд 577-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(f)
You should come in to

see me.

Слайд 587-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(f)
You ought to come in

to see me.

Слайд 597-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(g)
Maybe you should come in

to see me.

Слайд 607-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(g)

maybe + should, ought

to softens advice

Maybe you ought to come in to see me.

Слайд 61
7-7 LET’S PRACTICE
should
You should go

to the library.
I need a book

about geology.

Слайд 62
7-7 LET’S PRACTICE
ought to
You ought to go

to the library.
I need

a book about geology.

Слайд 63
7-7 LET’S PRACTICE
maybe, should
Maybe you should go

to the library.
I need

a book about geology.

Слайд 647-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER
They had better go home and get

some rest.

Слайд 65

7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER
(a) I have a headache. I

take a nap.

should
ought to
had better

same
meaning

good idea, good advice

Слайд 66

7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER
(b) He’d better be careful. His

pan is on fire!

Had better usually = warning

Слайд 677-8 LET’S PRACTICE
You’d better quit watching
TV all day.
Possible bad results?
eat too

much
catch a cold
hurt your eyes
not study enough
not exercise enough

✓

Слайд 687-8 LET’S PRACTICE
He’d better not walk there.
Possible bad results?
fall
get hurt
get the

flu
be embarrassed
fail a test

✓

Слайд 697-8 LET’S PRACTICE
He’d better stay awake in school.
Possible bad results?
miss something
get

hurt
get in trouble
fail a test
get the flu

✓

Слайд 707-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO,

MUST

This man has to wear ear protection.

Слайд 71(a) I want to become a doctor.

I go to medical school.

have to
have got to
must

have to
have got to
had better

same
meaning

something is necessary

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 72(b)

I need to hurry.
I have to go to
soccer practice.
7-9 EXPRESSING

NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 73(c) It’s late. We’ve got to go home.

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE

TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 74(d) Everyone must wear a seatbelt on an airplane.
7-9 EXPRESSING

NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

(e) Sally, you must clean your room every night.

Слайд 75(b) I have to go to soccer practice.

(c) We’ve got to

go home.

(d) Everyone must wear a seatbelt on an airplane.
(e) Sally, you must clean your room every night.

have to
have got to
must

most common
informal conversation
written instructions
talking to young children

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 76(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?

(g) Did

they all have to come?

Questions

have to
have got to
must

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 77(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?

(g) Did

they all have to come?

Questions

have to
have got to
must

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 78(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?

(g) Did

they all have to come?

Questions

have to
have got to
must

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 79(h) We had to clean up the mess.

have to
have got to
must

Past form:

had to

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 80

(i) I have to (“hafta”) call my mom.

(j) Jason has

to (“hasta”) work tomorrow.

(k) I’ve got to (“gotta”) cook dinner tonight.

/hӕftә/ or /hӕftu/

/hӕstә/ or /hӕstu/

/gadә/ or /gәtә/

PRONUNCIATION

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO, MUST

Слайд 817-9 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Do I must wash all the dishes?

Слайд 827-9 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Do I have to wash all the dishes?

Слайд 837-9 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Do I have got to wash all the dishes?

Слайд 847-10
EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO NOT HAVE TO EXPRESSING PROHIBITION:

MUST NOT

You mustn’t talk on the phone while you are driving.

Слайд 85(a) I mowed the yard yesterday.
I don’t have

to mow it this weekend.

not necessary

7-10
EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO NOT HAVE TO EXPRESSING PROHIBITION: MUST NOT

Слайд 86(b) Alesha is on vacation.
She doesn’t have to

go to work today.

not necessary

7-10
EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO NOT HAVE TO EXPRESSING PROHIBITION: MUST NOT

Слайд 87(c) You must not swim here.

(d) You must not swim in

this water.

Prohibition
(Do Not Do This!)

7-10
EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO NOT HAVE TO EXPRESSING PROHIBITION: MUST NOT

Слайд 88(e) You mustn’t throw trash in the garden.

must + not

= mustn’t

7-10
EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO NOT HAVE TO EXPRESSING PROHIBITION: MUST NOT

Слайд 897-10 LET’S PRACTICE
We cleaned the house this morning.
We _________________________ now.
don’t have

to clean the house

Слайд 907-10 LET’S PRACTICE
I cooked dinner this morning.
I ______________________ tonight.
don’t have to

cook dinner

Слайд 917-10 LET’S PRACTICE
Swimming is prohibited.
You _______________ swim here.
must not / mustn’t

Слайд 927-11 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST
Mary and Artie are smiling.
They must be

happy.

Слайд 93

best guess
OR
logical
conclusion
7-11 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST
That

woman is
very funny.

She must
be a comedian.

(a)

must

Слайд 947-11 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST
LOGICAL CONCLUSION
(b) My friends went skydiving.

They must be brave.

To become a scientist,
you must go to college.

NECESSITY

COMPARE

Слайд 957-11 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST
NEGATIVE LOGICAL CONCLUSION
(d) Jed smokes.

He must not know that smoking is harmful.

PROHIBITION
(e) We need money for the future.
We must not spend it all now.

COMPARE

Слайд 96
7-11 LET’S PRACTICE
necessity
prohibition
logical conclusion
negative logical conclusion
Jenny swims everyday.
She must love

to swim.

Слайд 97
7-11 LET’S PRACTICE
necessity
prohibition
logical conclusion
negative logical conclusion
Smoking is not allowed.
You must

not smoke.

Слайд 98
7-11 LET’S PRACTICE
necessity
prohibition
logical conclusion
negative logical conclusion
If you want to graduate,
you

must stay in school.

Слайд 997-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES
You can keep a secret, can’t

you?

Слайд 1007-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES
(a) You can keep a secret,

can’t you?

(b) He won’t say anything, will he?

(d) They couldn’t come, could they?

(e) We would like to go, wouldn’t we?

Tag questions are common with

can, will, should, could, and would

Слайд 1017-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES
(f) You have to go, don’t

you?

(g) You don’t have to go, do you?

(i) He doesn’t have to leave, does he?

(h) He has to leave, doesn’t he?

(j) You had to try, didn’t you?

Tag questions also with

have to, has to, and had to

(k) You didn’t have to to try, did you?

Слайд 1027-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES
(f) You have to go, don’t

you?

(g) You don’t have to go, do you?

(i) He doesn’t have to leave, does he?

(h) He has to leave, doesn’t he?

(j) You had to try, didn’t you?

Tag questions also with

have to, has to, and had to

(k) You didn’t have to to try, did you?

use forms of do

Слайд 1037-12 LET’S PRACTICE
They __ stop working, _?
should
shouldn’t they

should

Слайд 1047-12 LET’S PRACTICE
She __ work today, _?
doesn’t have to
does she

have to

Слайд 1057-12 LET’S PRACTICE
She __ like to ask a
question, _?
would
wouldn’t she

would

Слайд 1067-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
Listen to me!

Слайд 107COMMAND
Yes, Mom.
(a)
Sit down! You are in trouble.
7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE

SENTENCES

Слайд 108REQUEST
Sit down,
please. I want to talk to you.
Okay, Mom.
(b)
7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS:

IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Слайд 109DIRECTIONS
(c)
Emma: So, where should I turn?
Adam: In two miles, turn right.

Then drive five miles to the
hotel on the left.

7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Слайд 110

imperative
sentences
give commands
make polite requests
give directions
COMMAND
REQUEST
DIRECTIONS
(a) Sit down!
(b) Sit down,

please.
(c) Turn right. Then drive five miles.

7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Слайд 111(d) Slow down!

7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Слайд 112(d) Slow down!

(e) Please slow down!

7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE

SENTENCES

Слайд 113

(f) Come on!

subject of sentence = you (unspoken)
(d) Slow down!

(e)

Please slow down!

(f) Come on!

7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Слайд 114(g) Don’t worry. I won’t fall.

7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE

SENTENCES

Слайд 115(g) Don’t worry. I won’t fall.

(h) Please don’t drive so fast.

7-13

GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Слайд 116

(g) Don’t worry. I won’t fall.

(h) Please don’t drive so

fast.

(i) Don’t do that again.

Don’t + simple form of a verb

7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Слайд 117
7-13 LET’S PRACTICE
command
request
directions
Please don’t worry about me.

?

Слайд 1187-13 LET’S PRACTICE
To use chopsticks, keep one finger over
the other,

and use your thumb to direct the movement.

command
request
directions

Слайд 1197-13 LET’S PRACTICE
Don’t swing so high!

command
request
directions

?

Слайд 1207-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LET’S AND WHY DON’T
Let’s try this approach.

Слайд 1217-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LET’S AND WHY DON’T
Let’s buy this one. It

looks good.

That’s okay with me.

(a)

Why don’t we buy this one? It looks good.

(b)

Слайд 122

7-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LET’S AND WHY DON’T
(a) Let’s buy this

one.

(b) Why don’t we buy this one?

same
meaning

suggestions about activities

Слайд 123

7-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LET’S AND WHY DON’T
(c)
friendly suggestion
I don’t know

which classes to take.

Why don’t you ask your advisor?

Слайд 1247-14 LET’S PRACTICE

Let’s
___________ together.
Let’s study
We have a big test tomorrow.

Слайд 125
Why don’t we
7-14 LET’S PRACTICE
We have a big test tomorrow.
________________ together?
Why

don’t we study

Слайд 126
7-14 LET’S PRACTICE
________________
at this line?
I don’t understand this report.
Why don’t you
Why

don’t you look

Слайд 1277-15 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE…BETTER, WOULD RATHER
I would rather have a

motorcycle than a car.

Слайд 128

(a) I prefer motorcycles to cars.
prefer + noun +

to + noun

(b) I prefer riding on a motorcycle to riding
in a car.

prefer + -ing verb + to + -ing verb

7-15 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE…BETTER, WOULD RATHER

Слайд 129

like + noun + better than + noun
(c) I

like motorcycles better than cars.

(d) I like riding a motorcycle better than driving
in a car.

like + -ing verb + better than + -ing verb

7-15 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE…BETTER, WOULD RATHER

Слайд 130

(e) Ray would rather have a cat than a dog.
(f)

INCORRECT: Ray would rather has a cat.

(g) I’d rather buy dinner than cook it.

(h) INCORRECT:
I’d rather buy dinner than to cook it.

I’d rather buy dinner than cooking it.

would rather simple form of verb

7-15 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE…BETTER, WOULD RATHER

Слайд 131

Contraction of would = l’d.

(i) I’d/You’d/She’d/He’d/We’d/They’d rather
have

a motorcycle.

(j) Would you rather have a car or a motorcycle?

would rather or

polite situations / offers a choice

7-15 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE…BETTER, WOULD RATHER

Слайд 1327-15 LET’S PRACTICE
than
to
I like to play badminton better ____ tennis.
than

Слайд 1337-15 LET’S PRACTICE
I prefer badminton ___ tennis.
to
than
to

Слайд 1347-15 LET’S PRACTICE
I would rather play badminton ____ tennis.
than
than
to

Слайд 135PHOTO CREDITS

Images used under license from:
Shutterstock, Inc.
Clipart,

Inc.

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Слайд 17-1 The form of modal auxiliaries7-2 Expressing ability: can

Слайд 27-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIESSomebody should clean up this mess.

Слайд 37-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIESAUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERBcan

Слайд 47-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIESAUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERBshould

Слайд 57-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIESAUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERBcancouldmaymightshouldhad

Слайд 67-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIESAUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERBno

Слайд 77-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIESAUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERBnot

Слайд 87-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIESAUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERBnot

Слайд 97-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIESAUXILIARY + TO + SIMPLE FORM

Слайд 107-1 LET’S PRACTICEShe has ___ learn how to skate.totoØ

Слайд 117-1 LET’S PRACTICEtoØShe might ___ learn how to skate.Ø

Слайд 127-1 LET’S PRACTICEShe should ___ learn how to skate.ØtoØ

Слайд 137-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULDI can’t believe that!

Слайд 14 can ability in present

Слайд 15 three negative forms of can7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD

Слайд 16 7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD(e) Amy can play tennis.(f)

Слайд 17 could = past form of can7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY:

Слайд 18 negative form of could7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD(h) I

Слайд 19 7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD(i). Mia can use a

Слайд 207-2 LET’S PRACTICEcancan’tHe is always upset when he _______ remember something.can’t

Слайд 217-2 LET’S PRACTICEcancan’tA dolphin ______ run, but it ______ jump.can’tcan

Слайд 227-2 LET’S PRACTICEcancan’tYou ______ bring a horseto water, but you ______

Слайд 237-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY, MIGHT AND MAYBE; EXPRESSING

Слайд 24(a) It may snow this week.(b) It might snow this week.

Слайд 25I don’t know.We might beready by then.I don’t know.We may beready

Слайд 26(d) It may not snow this week.(e) It might not snow

Слайд 27(f) Maybe it will snow tomorrow.COMPARE(g) Maybe the test will be

Слайд 28(i) Yes, you may borrow my pen.(j) Sure, you can borrow

Слайд 29(k) You may not borrow my pen. You can’t

Слайд 307-3 LET’S PRACTICEmaybemay beI _______ done with this project tomorrow.may be

Слайд 317-3 LET’S PRACTICEmaybemay be _______ I’ll be done with this project

Слайд 327-3 LET’S PRACTICEmaybecanThe boss told me that we ____ use the

Слайд 337-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITYThis could be a long walk.

Слайд 347-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITYCould you understand the lecture?Not really.

Слайд 357-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITYWhy isn’t this working?I don’t think

Слайд 367-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITYThis error could cause problems in

Слайд 377-4 LET’S PRACTICEpresentORfutureI’d like to visit a beautiful place.We could go

Слайд 387-4 LET’S PRACTICEOh, no! This could be a problem!presentORfuture

Слайд 397-4 LET’S PRACTICEThis car doesn’t run. The battery could be dead.

Слайд 407-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN IMay I help

Слайд 417-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN IPOLITE QUESTIONPOSSIBLE ANSWERS(a)

Слайд 427-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I (d) Can

Слайд 437-5 LET’S PRACTICEYESNO?CORRECTCan I please borrow your car?

Слайд 447-5 LET’S PRACTICEYESNO?CORRECTMay I borrow your car?

Слайд 457-5 LET’S PRACTICEYESNO?CORRECTCould I borrow please your car?

Слайд 467-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL

Слайд 477-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL

Слайд 487-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL

Слайд 497-6 POLITE QUESTION: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL

Слайд 507-6 LET’S PRACTICEYESNO?CORRECTCould you wash my car yesterday?

Слайд 517-6 LET’S PRACTICEYESNO?CORRECTWill you wash my car, please?

Слайд 527-6 LET’S PRACTICEYESNO?CORRECTMay you please wash my car?

Слайд 537-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TOThey should go home and

Слайд 547-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO(a) I have a headache.

Слайд 557-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO(d) You need to study.

Слайд 567-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO(e) QUESTION: should + subject

Слайд 577-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO(f)You should come in to

Слайд 587-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO(f)You ought to come in

Слайд 597-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO(g)Maybe you should come in

Слайд 607-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO(g) maybe + should, ought

Слайд 617-7 LET’S PRACTICEshouldYou should go to the library.I need a book

Слайд 627-7 LET’S PRACTICEought toYou ought to go to the library.I need

Слайд 637-7 LET’S PRACTICEmaybe, should Maybe you should goto the library.I need

Слайд 647-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTERThey had better go home and get

Слайд 65 7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER(a) I have a headache. I

Слайд 66 7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER(b) He’d better be careful. His

Слайд 677-8 LET’S PRACTICEYou’d better quit watchingTV all day.Possible bad results?eat too

Слайд 687-8 LET’S PRACTICEHe’d better not walk there.Possible bad results?fallget hurtget the

Слайд 697-8 LET’S PRACTICEHe’d better stay awake in school.Possible bad results?miss somethingget

Слайд 707-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO, HAVE GOT TO,

Слайд 71(a) I want to become a doctor.

Слайд 72(b)I need to hurry. I have to go tosoccer practice.7-9 EXPRESSING

Слайд 73(c) It’s late. We’ve got to go home.7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE

Слайд 74(d) Everyone must wear a seatbelt on an airplane. 7-9 EXPRESSING

Слайд 75(b) I have to go to soccer practice.(c) We’ve got to

Слайд 76(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?(g) Did

Слайд 77(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?(g) Did

Слайд 78(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?(g) Did

Слайд 17-1 The form of modal auxiliaries
7-2 Expressing ability: can

Слайд 27-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
Somebody should clean up this mess.

Слайд 37-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB
can

Слайд 47-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB
should

Слайд 57-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB
can
could
may
might
should
had

Слайд 67-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB

no

Слайд 77-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB

not

Слайд 87-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + SIMPLE FORM OF VERB

not

Слайд 97-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + TO + SIMPLE FORM

Слайд 107-1 LET’S PRACTICE
She has ___ learn how to skate.
to
to
Ø

Слайд 117-1 LET’S PRACTICE
to
Ø
She might ___ learn how to skate.
Ø

Слайд 127-1 LET’S PRACTICE
She should ___ learn how to skate.
Ø
to
Ø

Слайд 137-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
I can’t believe that!

Слайд 14

can ability in present

Слайд 15

three negative forms
of can
7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD

Слайд 16

7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
(e) Amy can play tennis.

(f)

Слайд 17

could = past form of can
7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY:

Слайд 18

negative form of could
7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
(h) I

Слайд 19

7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
(i). Mia can use a

Слайд 207-2 LET’S PRACTICE
can
can’t
He is always upset when he _______ remember something.
can’t

Слайд 217-2 LET’S PRACTICE
can
can’t
A dolphin run, but it jump.
can’t
can

Слайд 227-2 LET’S PRACTICE
can
can’t
You bring a horse
to water, but you

Слайд 24(a) It may snow this week.

(b) It might snow this week.

Слайд 25
I don’t know.
We might be
ready by then.
I don’t know.
We may be
ready

Слайд 26(d) It may not snow this week.

(e) It might not snow

Слайд 27(f) Maybe it will snow tomorrow.

COMPARE
(g) Maybe the test will be

Слайд 28(i) Yes, you may borrow my pen.

(j) Sure, you can borrow

Слайд 29(k) You may not borrow my pen.

You can’t

Слайд 307-3 LET’S PRACTICE
maybe
may be
I _______ done with

this project tomorrow.
may be

Слайд 317-3 LET’S PRACTICE
maybe
may be
_______ I’ll be done with this project

Слайд 327-3 LET’S PRACTICE
maybe
can
The boss told me that we ____ use the

Слайд 337-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
This could be a long walk.

Слайд 347-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
Could you understand the lecture?
Not really.

Слайд 357-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
Why isn’t this working?
I don’t think

Слайд 367-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
This error could cause problems in

Слайд 377-4 LET’S PRACTICE
present
OR
future
I’d like to visit a beautiful place.

We could go

Слайд 387-4 LET’S PRACTICE
Oh, no! This could be a problem!
present
OR
future

Слайд 397-4 LET’S PRACTICE
This car doesn’t run. The battery could be dead.

Слайд 407-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I
May I help

Слайд 417-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I
POLITE QUESTION
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
(a)

Слайд 427-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I
(d) Can

Слайд 437-5 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Can I please borrow your car?

Слайд 447-5 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
May I borrow your car?

Слайд 457-5 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Could I borrow please your car?

Слайд 507-6 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Could you wash my car yesterday?

Слайд 517-6 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Will you wash my car, please?

Слайд 527-6 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
May you please wash my car?

Слайд 537-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
They should go home and

Слайд 547-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(a) I have a headache.

Слайд 557-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(d) You need to study.

Слайд 567-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(e)

QUESTION: should + subject

Слайд 577-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(f)
You should come in to

Слайд 587-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(f)
You ought to come in

Слайд 597-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(g)
Maybe you should come in

Слайд 607-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO
(g)

maybe + should, ought

Слайд 61
7-7 LET’S PRACTICE
should
You should go

to the library.
I need a book

Слайд 62
7-7 LET’S PRACTICE
ought to
You ought to go

to the library.
I need

Слайд 63
7-7 LET’S PRACTICE
maybe, should
Maybe you should go

to the library.
I need

Слайд 647-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER
They had better go home and get

Слайд 65

7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER
(a) I have a headache. I

Слайд 66

7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER
(b) He’d better be careful. His

Слайд 677-8 LET’S PRACTICE
You’d better quit watching
TV all day.
Possible bad results?
eat too

Слайд 687-8 LET’S PRACTICE
He’d better not walk there.
Possible bad results?
fall
get hurt
get the

Слайд 697-8 LET’S PRACTICE
He’d better stay awake in school.
Possible bad results?
miss something
get

Слайд 707-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO,
HAVE GOT TO,

Слайд 72(b)

I need to hurry.
I have to go to
soccer practice.
7-9 EXPRESSING

Слайд 73(c) It’s late. We’ve got to go home.

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE

Слайд 74(d) Everyone must wear a seatbelt on an airplane.
7-9 EXPRESSING

Слайд 75(b) I have to go to soccer practice.

(c) We’ve got to

Слайд 76(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?

(g) Did

Слайд 77(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?

(g) Did

Слайд 78(f) Do you have to wear seatbelts in your car?

(g) Did

Слайд 80

(i) I have to (“hafta”) call my mom.

(j) Jason has

Слайд 817-9 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Do I must wash all the dishes?

Слайд 827-9 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Do I have to wash all the dishes?

Слайд 837-9 LET’S PRACTICE
YES
NO
?
CORRECT
Do I have got to wash all the dishes?

Слайд 847-10
EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO NOT HAVE TO EXPRESSING PROHIBITION:

Слайд 85(a) I mowed the yard yesterday.
I don’t have

Слайд 86(b) Alesha is on vacation.
She doesn’t have to

Слайд 87(c) You must not swim here.

(d) You must not swim in