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Lecture 3. The Etymology of English words презентация
Содержание
- 1. Lecture 3. The Etymology of English words
- 2. The plan of the lecture
- 3. Conditions of borrowings -to fill the
- 4. Adaptation of a borrowed word
- 5. International words - Greek
- 6. Etymological doublets Shirt (a nat. w)
- 7. Translation-loans E.g. Masterpiece (from Meisterstuck)
- 8. Compare: Motherly love – maternal leave Fatherly
The plan of the lecture 1) Conditions and reasons of borrowing 2) The adaptation of borrowed words 3) International words 4) Etymological doublets and triplets 5)
Слайд 2The plan of the lecture
1) Conditions and reasons of borrowing
2) The adaptation of borrowed words
3) International words
4) Etymological doublets and triplets
5) Translation-loans and their stylistic characteristics
Слайд 3Conditions of borrowings
-to fill the gap in the vocabulary
E.G
“butter’’, “plum” (Latin w/)
- to add a shade of meaning
E.G “desire ’’, “adore ” (French w/)
- to add a shade of meaning
E.G “desire ’’, “adore ” (French w/)
Слайд 4Adaptation of a borrowed word
The phonetic area
(regime, café, ballet
(Fr.b)
The grammatical area
(datum-data, phenomenon-phenomena, datum-data Lat.b)
The semantic area
(large-wide, gay- noble, bright, multi-colored)
The grammatical area
(datum-data, phenomenon-phenomena, datum-data Lat.b)
The semantic area
(large-wide, gay- noble, bright, multi-colored)
Three areas
Слайд 5International words
- Greek or Latin origin
(- philosophy, mathematics,
physics and etc., music, theatre, drama, tragedy, comedy)
English origin (- football, cricket, golf, rugby and all kinds of sport)
Russian origin (- sputnik, dacha, kolkhoz )
English origin (- football, cricket, golf, rugby and all kinds of sport)
Russian origin (- sputnik, dacha, kolkhoz )
are the words, borrowed by several languages at once due to their cultural or scientific importance
Слайд 6Etymological doublets
Shirt (a nat. w) - skirt (Scand.bor)
Canal (Lat.)
– channel (Fr.)
Captain (Lat.) – chieftain (Fr)
Captain (Lat.) – chieftain (Fr)
Hospital (Lat.) – hostel (Norm.Fr.) - hotel (Par.Fr.)
To capture (Lat.) – to catch (N/Fr) – to chase (Par.fr.)
Etymological triplets
Слайд 7Translation-loans
E.g.
Masterpiece (from Meisterstuck)
Wonder child (Wunderkind)
First dancer (from prima-ballerina)
Collective
farm (from колхоз)
E.g.
Blitzkrieg – lightning war
Слайд 8Compare:
Motherly love – maternal leave
Fatherly support – paternal hierarchy
Childish charm-
infantile diseases
Handy – manual
Sunny weather-solar system
Toothy grin- dental care
Nosy man – nasal sound
Handy – manual
Sunny weather-solar system
Toothy grin- dental care
Nosy man – nasal sound
