Lecture 3 - Parts of Speech Theory презентация

words, distinguished on the basis of their syntactic, morphological and semantic characteristics (L.V.Scherba).

Plato a noun,
a verb,
an adjective

prepositions, criterion conjunctions, interjections)
Noun words (nouns, noun-pronouns,
noun-numerals, infinitive , gerund syntactic
Adjective words (adjectives, adjective- criterion
pronouns, adjective numerals, participle
Verb-words (finite and non-finite forms)

1

Criterion – functioning in the sentence

It was there.
1 2 3 4
Class 1: Nouns (he, reading, to read, the rich…)
Class 2: Verbs
Class 3: Adjectives
Class 4: Adverbs

their, John’s, each, this…
Group B: words that occur in the position of “may”: might, can, would, will..
Group C: “not”
Group G: the word “do-did-does”
Group H: - “there”
Group L: “yes”, “no”
Group M: attention-getting signals: listen, look, say…

words
or specify the grammatical
meaning.

one, each, other, myself…) and particles (to, not,)
Article
Auxiliary verbs (to be, to have, to do…)
Functional parts of speech

Demonstrate the relations between the notional words or specify the grammatical meaning
Denote subjective modality
Don’t denote a notion
Don’t have grammatical categories
Are characterized by a simple word structure and usually have 1 syllable
Can’t be a member of the sentence
Not homogeneous: but-and-if / what-in order that

XV - + articles, Participle 1, 2, Gerund
XV – XXI - + pronoun, preposition, conjunction, particle

S
the noun the preposition
the adjective the conjunction
the stative the particle
the pronoun
the numeral
the verb
the adverb
the modal words
the interjection

preposition
the adjective the conjunction
the words of the category
of state the particle
the pronoun the article
the numeral
the verb
the adverb
the modal words
the interjection

preposition
the pronoun the conjunction
the adjective the article
the numeral
the verb
the adverb

a language fall into parts of speech?
Give the definition of the parts of speech.
What are the 2 large groups the parts of speech are subdivided into?
Characterize the notional and the functional parts of speech.
Consider the following classifications of the parts of speech of the English language. What parts of speech are mentioned in each classification?
What parts of speech are included only in some classifications?
What parts of speech of the English language are not mentioned at all in all classifications?
Is there any difference with the classification of the parts of speech in the Russian language?
Give the examples of the parts of speech which function as both notional and structural. Use the dictionary.
Give the full classification of your own.