Grammatical categories grammatical meaning. (Lektsia 2) презентация

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1. Grammatical categories grammatical meaning. (Lektsia 2)
3. grammatical category is generally represented by at
4. A grammatical category is a unit of
5. Grammatical categories may be influenced by the lexical meaning
6. The most general meanings rendered by language
7. is a system of expressing the grammatical
8. For example, the class of nouns
10. explicitly The book reads well
11. is the sum total of all the
12. Synthetic Types. Inflexions (actor, studying) Sound-alternation (mouse
13. The paradigmatic correlations of grammatical forms in
14. The minimal (two-member) opposition is called binary.
15. The correlated elements (members) of the opposition
16. Privative Equipollent Gradual Types of oppositions were established in phonology
17. One member has a certain distinctive feature.
18. both members of the opposition are marked
19. members of the opposition differ by the
20. morphological oppositions unlike those of phonological oppositions
21. one member of an opposition can be
22. Oppositional reduction neutralization the use of the

is a system of expressing a generalised grammatical meaning by means of paradigmatic correlation of grammatical forms The grammatical category

Слайд 1 GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES GRAMMATICAL MEANING

Слайд 2 is a system

of expressing a generalised grammatical meaning by means of paradigmatic correlation of grammatical forms

The grammatical category

Слайд 3grammatical category is generally represented by at least two grammatical forms,

otherwise it cannot exist
Singular - Plural

Слайд 4A grammatical category is a unit of grammar based on a

morphological opposition of grammatical meanings presented in grammatical forms

Слайд 5Grammatical categories may be influenced by the
lexical meaning

Слайд 6The most general meanings rendered by language and expressed by systemic

correlations of word-forms are interpreted in linguistics as grammatical meanings.

Слайд 7is a system of expressing the grammatical meaning through the paradigm

of grammatical forms expressed by grammatical opposition

Grammatical meaning

Слайд 8
For example, the class of nouns has the grammatical meaning of

thingness.
table
its individual lexical meaning (it corresponds to a definite piece of furniture) and the grammatical meaning of thingness (this is the meaning of the whole class).
Besides, the noun ‘table’ has the grammatical meaning of a subclass – countableness

Grammatical meaning is the meaning of the whole class or a subclass.

Слайд 9

Слайд 10explicitly
The book reads well
Implicitly
lexico-grammatical meanings of countability / non-countability

of nouns

Grammatical meaning

Слайд 11is the sum total of all the formal means constantly employed

to render this or that grammatical meaning
(morphemes, synthetic forms, and grammatical word combinations)

Grammatical form

Слайд 12Synthetic Types. Inflexions (actor, studying)
Sound-alternation (mouse – mice, meet - met

)
Analytical Types (extra elements which help to form language phenomena: have finished)
Suppletive Formations. (Some special forms which substitute missing forms: good – better – best.)

Types of expressing the grammatical meaning

Слайд 13The paradigmatic correlations of grammatical forms in a category are exposed

by the so-called
"grammatical oppositions"

Слайд 14The minimal (two-member) opposition is called
binary.

Слайд 15The correlated elements (members) of the opposition must possess two types

of features

common

serve as the basis of contrast

differential

express the function in question

Слайд 16Privative
Equipollent
Gradual

Types of oppositions were established in phonology

Слайд 17One member has a certain distinctive feature. This member is called

marked, or strong (+). The other member is called unmarked, or weak (-)
Speak – speaks+

Privative oppositions

Слайд 18both members of the opposition are marked
opposition is formed by a

contrastive pair or group in which the members are distinguished by different positive features

Am+ – is +

Equipollent oppositions

Слайд 19members of the opposition differ by the degree of certain property

strong

- stronger - strongest

Gradual oppositions

Слайд 20morphological oppositions unlike those of phonological oppositions possess both the plane

of expression and the plane of content

Слайд 21one member of an opposition can be used in the position

of the other

Reduction of oppositions

Слайд 22Oppositional reduction
neutralization
the use of the weak member instead of the strong;
Next

week we start for Moscow

transposition

the use of a linguistic unit in an unusual environment or in the function that is not characteristic of it
He is a lion

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Grammatical categories grammatical meaning. (Lektsia 2) презентация

Содержание

Слайд 1 GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES GRAMMATICAL MEANING

Слайд 2 is a system

Слайд 3grammatical category is generally represented by at least two grammatical forms,

Слайд 4A grammatical category is a unit of grammar based on a

Слайд 5Grammatical categories may be influenced by the
lexical meaning

Слайд 6The most general meanings rendered by language and expressed by systemic

Слайд 7is a system of expressing the grammatical meaning through the paradigm

Слайд 8
For example, the class of nouns has the grammatical meaning of

Слайд 9

Слайд 10explicitly
The book reads well
Implicitly
lexico-grammatical meanings of countability / non-countability

Слайд 11is the sum total of all the formal means constantly employed

Слайд 12Synthetic Types. Inflexions (actor, studying)
Sound-alternation (mouse – mice, meet - met

Слайд 13The paradigmatic correlations of grammatical forms in a category are exposed

Слайд 14The minimal (two-member) opposition is called
binary.

Слайд 15The correlated elements (members) of the opposition must possess two types

Слайд 16Privative
Equipollent
Gradual

Types of oppositions were established in phonology

Слайд 17One member has a certain distinctive feature. This member is called

Слайд 18both members of the opposition are marked
opposition is formed by a

Слайд 19members of the opposition differ by the degree of certain property

strong

Слайд 20morphological oppositions unlike those of phonological oppositions possess both the plane

Слайд 21one member of an opposition can be used in the position

Слайд 22Oppositional reduction
neutralization
the use of the weak member instead of the strong;
Next

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Grammatical categories grammatical meaning. (Lektsia 2) презентация

Содержание

Слайд 1 GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES GRAMMATICAL MEANING

Слайд 2 is a system

Слайд 3grammatical category is generally represented by at least two grammatical forms,

Слайд 4A grammatical category is a unit of grammar based on a

Слайд 5Grammatical categories may be influenced by the lexical meaning

Слайд 6The most general meanings rendered by language and expressed by systemic

Слайд 7is a system of expressing the grammatical meaning through the paradigm

Слайд 8For example, the class of nouns has the grammatical meaning of

Слайд 9

Слайд 10explicitly The book reads well Implicitlylexico-grammatical meanings of countability / non-countability

Слайд 11is the sum total of all the formal means constantly employed

Слайд 12Synthetic Types. Inflexions (actor, studying)Sound-alternation (mouse – mice, meet - met

Слайд 13The paradigmatic correlations of grammatical forms in a category are exposed

Слайд 14The minimal (two-member) opposition is called binary.

Слайд 15The correlated elements (members) of the opposition must possess two types

Слайд 16PrivativeEquipollentGradualTypes of oppositions were established in phonology

Слайд 17One member has a certain distinctive feature. This member is called

Слайд 18both members of the opposition are markedopposition is formed by a

Слайд 19members of the opposition differ by the degree of certain propertystrong

Слайд 20morphological oppositions unlike those of phonological oppositions possess both the plane

Слайд 21one member of an opposition can be used in the position

Слайд 22Oppositional reductionneutralizationthe use of the weak member instead of the strong;Next

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Обратная связь

Что такое ThePresentation.ru?

Слайд 5Grammatical categories may be influenced by the
lexical meaning

Слайд 8
For example, the class of nouns has the grammatical meaning of

Слайд 10explicitly
The book reads well
Implicitly
lexico-grammatical meanings of countability / non-countability

Слайд 12Synthetic Types. Inflexions (actor, studying)
Sound-alternation (mouse – mice, meet - met

Слайд 14The minimal (two-member) opposition is called
binary.

Слайд 16Privative
Equipollent
Gradual

Types of oppositions were established in phonology

Слайд 18both members of the opposition are marked
opposition is formed by a

Слайд 19members of the opposition differ by the degree of certain property

strong

Слайд 22Oppositional reduction
neutralization
the use of the weak member instead of the strong;
Next